相关论文: Peak finding through Scan Statistics

A pivotal task in quantum metrology, and quantum parameter estimation in general, is to de- sign schemes that achieve the highest precision with given resources. Standard models of quantum metrology usually assume the dynamics is fixed, the…

During their exposure, nuclear emulsion sheets detect both tracks from experiment-related particles, as well as a considerable amount of background tracks, mainly due to cosmic rays. Unless the exposure has been fairly short, it is…

As experiments continue to push the quantum-classical boundary using increasingly complex dynamical systems, the interpretation of experimental data becomes more and more challenging: when the observations are noisy, indirect, and limited,…

Superstatistics is a widely employed tool of non-equilibrium statistical physics which plays an important role in analysis of hierarchical complex dynamical systems. Yet, its "canonical" formulation in terms of a single nuisance parameter…

Statistical methods are indispensable to scientific inference. However, there exists a longstanding tension across a wide range of scientific disciplines about the role that ``context'' should play in the application of statistical methods…

The cleanest way to discover a new particle is generally the "bump-hunt" methodology: looking for a localised excess in a mass (or related) distribution. However, if the mass of the particle being discovered is not known the procedure of…

We report new statistical time-series analysis tools providing significant improvements in the rapid, precision extraction of discrete state dynamics from large databases of experimental observations of molecular machines. By building…

In this paper we improve some existing results concerning the approximation of the distribution of extremes of a 1-dependent and stationary sequence of random variables. We enlarge the range of applicability and improve the approximation…

We investigate the statistics of the cosmic microwave background using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. We show that, when we correctly de-correlate the data, the partition function of the Kolmogorov stochasticity parameter is compatible with…

We discuss a general approach to handling "multiple hypotheses" testing in the case when a particular hypothesis states that the vector of parameters identifying the distribution of observations belongs to a convex compact set associated…

We deliver a call to arms for probabilistic numerical methods: algorithms for numerical tasks, including linear algebra, integration, optimization and solving differential equations, that return uncertainties in their calculations. Such…

The incorporation of uncertainties to calculations of signal significance in planned experiments is an actual task. Several approaches to this problem are discussed. We present a procedure for taking into account the systematic uncertainty…

We demonstrate that fast removal of many electrons uncovers initial correlations of atoms in a finite sample through a pronounced peak in the kinetic-energy spectrum of the exploding ions. This maximum is the result of an intricate…

Sampling is often a necessary evil to reduce the processing and storage costs of distributed tracing. In this work, we describe a scalable and adaptive sampling approach that can preserve events of interest better than the widely used…

We propose several statistics to test the Markov hypothesis for $\beta$-mixing stationary processes sampled at discrete time intervals. Our tests are based on the Chapman--Kolmogorov equation. We establish the asymptotic null distributions…

Recently we proposed a formalism, based in nuclear statistical spectroscopy, for efficient computation of nuclear level density, or densities of states, through a sum of partitioned binomial functions (SUPARB). In this Letter we extend the…

We prescribe the minimal set of experimental data and parameters that should be reported for random-laser experiments and models. This prescript allows for a quantitative comparison between different experiments, and for a criterion whether…

Higher criticism is a large-scale testing procedure that can attain the optimal detection boundary for sparse and faint signals. However, there has been a lack of knowledge in most existing works about its asymptotic distribution for more…

We demonstrate the equilibration of isolated macroscopic quantum systems, prepared in non-equilibrium mixed states with significant population of many energy levels, and observed by instruments with a reasonably bound working range compared…

We describe an approximate statistical model for the sample variance distribution of the non-linear matter power spectrum that can be calibrated from limited numbers of simulations. Our model retains the common assumption of a multivariate…