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A masses of a leptons deduced from a representation of a probability density vector by a spinors. A massive W and Z bosons and a massless A boson are obtained from a transformations for which a density vector is invariant.

综合物理 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Gunn Alex Quznetsov

We introduce a new method to detect the zeros of the Riemann zeta function which is sensitive to the vertical distribution of the zeros. This allows us to prove there are few `half-isolated' zeros. By combining this with classical methods,…

数论 · 数学 2023-05-31 James Maynard , Kyle Pratt

The mean density of a random closed set $\Theta$ in $\R^d$ with Hausdorff dimension $n$ is the Radon-Nikodym derivative of the expected measure $\E[\h^n(\Theta\cap\cdot)]$ induced by $\Theta$ with respect to the usual $d$-dimensional…

概率论 · 数学 2008-03-28 Elena Villa

In this paper, we investigate the almost surely pointwise convergence problem of free KdV equation, free wave equation, free elliptic and non-elliptic Schr\"odinger equation respectively. We firstly establish some estimates related to the…

偏微分方程分析 · 数学 2021-07-27 Wei Yan , Jinqiao Duan , Yongsheng Li , Meihua Yang

Let $\zeta_K(s)$ denote the Dedekind zeta-function associated to a number field $K$. In this paper, we give an effective upper bound for the height of first non-trivial zero other than $1/2$ of $\zeta_K(s)$ under the generalized Riemann…

数论 · 数学 2025-07-29 Sushant Kala

Assume that the Riemann hypothesis holds for Dedekind zeta functions. Under this assumption, we prove that a degree $d$ polynomial with random multiplicative $\pm1$ coefficients is irreducible in $\mathbb{Z}[x]$ with probability…

数论 · 数学 2025-11-07 Péter P. Varjú , Max Wenqiang Xu

We study the density of the roots of the derivative of the characteristic polynomial Z(U,z) of an N x N random unitary matrix with distribution given by Haar measure on the unitary group. Based on previous random matrix theory models of the…

数学物理 · 物理学 2009-11-07 Francesco Mezzadri

We study the asymptotic distribution of integers sharing the same rooted-tree structure that encodes their complete prime factorization tower. For each tree we derive an explicit density formula depending only on a pair $(m,k)$, the density…

数论 · 数学 2025-12-02 Roberto Conti , Pierluigi Contucci , Vitalii Iudelevich

A positive integer n is called a covering number if there are some distinct divisors n_1,...,n_k of n greater than one and some integers a_1,...,a_k such that Z is the union of the residue classes a_1(mod n_1),...,a_k(mod n_k). A covering…

数论 · 数学 2007-05-23 Zhi-Wei Sun

Let a be a positive integer which is not a perfect h-th power with h greater than 1, and Q_a(x;4,j) be the set of primes p less than x such that the residual order of a(mod p) is congruent to j modulo 4. When j=0, 2, it is known that…

数论 · 数学 2007-05-23 L. Murata , K. Chinen

Riemann numerically approximated at least three zeta zeros. According to Edwards, Riemann even took steps to verify that the lowest zero he computed was indeed the first zeta zero. This approach to verification is developed, improved, and…

数论 · 数学 2024-08-02 Ghaith Hiary , Summer Ireland , Megan Kyi

For a fixed rational number g and integers a and d the sets N_g(a,d), respectively R_g(a,d), of primes p for which the order, respectively the index of g(mod p) is congruent to a(mod d), are considered. Under the Generalized Riemann…

数论 · 数学 2007-05-23 Pieter Moree

It is shown that there is a constant A and a density one subset S of the positive integers, such that for all q in S there is some 1<=p<q, (p, q)=1, so that p/q has all its partial quotients bounded by A.

数论 · 数学 2013-07-15 Jean Bourgain , Alex Kontorovich

We specify a small set, consisting of $O(d(\log\log d)^2)$ points, that intersects the basins under Newton's method of \emph{all} roots of \emph{all} (suitably normalized) complex polynomials of fixed degrees $d$, with arbitrarily high…

动力系统 · 数学 2011-08-31 Béla Bollobás , Malte Lackmann , Dierk Schleicher

We establish a version of the Furstenberg-Katznelson multi-dimensional Szemer\'edi in the primes ${\mathcal P} := \{2,3,5,\ldots\}$, which roughly speaking asserts that any dense subset of ${\mathcal P}^d$ contains constellations of any…

数论 · 数学 2013-12-03 Terence Tao , Tamar Ziegler

We provide a full and rigorous proof of a theorem attributed to \.Zuk, stating that random groups in the Gromov density model for d > 1/3 have property (T) with high probability. The original paper had numerous gaps, in particular, crucial…

群论 · 数学 2013-08-06 Marcin Kotowski , Michal Kotowski

The set of indices that correspond to the positive entries of a sequence of numbers is called its positivity set. In this paper, we study the density of the positivity set of a given linear recurrence sequence, that is the question of how…

数论 · 数学 2024-04-17 Edon Kelmendi

An $n \times n$ matrix with $\pm 1$ entries which acts on $\mathbb{R}^n$ as a scaled isometry is called Hadamard. Such matrices exist in some, but not all dimensions. Combining number-theoretic and probabilistic tools we construct matrices…

概率论 · 数学 2023-03-10 Xiaoyu Dong , Mark Rudelson

There is a well-known asymptotic formula, due to W. M. Schmidt (1968) for the number of full-rank integer lattices of index at most $V$ in $\mathbb{Z}^n$. This set of lattices $L$ can naturally be partitioned with respect to the factor…

数论 · 数学 2015-05-26 Phong Q. Nguyen , Igor E. Shparlinski

The Riemann hypothesis states that all nontrivial zeros of the zeta function lie in the critical line $\Re(s)=1/2$. Hilbert and P\'olya suggested that one possible way to prove the Riemann hypothesis is to interpret the nontrivial zeros in…

数学物理 · 物理学 2014-01-29 G. Menezes , B. F. Svaiter , N. F. Svaiter