相关论文: Why everyone should know number theory

This report on the topics in the title was written for a lecture series at the Southwestern Center for Arithmetic Algebraic Geometry at the University of Arizona.It may serve as an introduction to certain conjectural relations between…

Covering theory is an important tool in representation theory of algebras, however, the results and the proofs are scattered in the literature. We give an introduction to covering theory at a level as elementary as possible.

This is a series of lecture notes explaining topos theory and its application in physics.

These notes on string theory are based on a series of talks I gave during my graduate studies. As the talks, this introductory essay is intended for young students and non-string theory physicists.

We present a detailed proof of the prime number theorem suitable for a typical undergraduate- or graduate-level complex analysis course. Our presentation is particularly useful for any instructor who seeks to use the prime number theorem…

In this work we state a Theorem on number theory and apply it to solve some ordinary and partial differential equations.

Almost all theories of physics have expressed physical laws by means of differential equations. One can ask: why differential equations? What is special about them? This article addresses these questions and is presented as an inquiry-based…

A popular scientific contribution should not contradict any established facts and ought to be understandable. I complied with both these requirements and am offering a sufficiently full introduction to probability theory. Furthermore, I…

A series of lecture notes on the elementary theory of algebraic numbers, using only knowledge of a first-semester graduate course in algebra (primarily groups and rings). No prerequisite knowledge of fields is required. Based primarily on…

The following is an exposition of a course of algebra that Prof. Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Zykov (1922-2013) distributed among the participants of his seminar in graph theory not far away from Odessa, Ukraine, on September, 1991. It is a…

In these lectures we review the motivation, principles of and (circumstantial) evidence for the program of unification of the fundamental forces. In an appendix, we review the group theory pertinent to the program.

We present a conceptually clear introduction to quantum theory, deriving the theory from scratch from the point of view of quantum information. Different subsets of these lectures were taught to a wide variety of audiences, including…

Quantum theory was radically different from the theories of nature which came before it. One key difference was its use of complex numbers. This opened a longstanding debate over whether quantum theory fundamentally requires complex numbers…

The purpose of this lecture is to describe the KAM theorem in its most basic form and to give a complete and detailed proof. This proof essentially follows the traditional lines laid out by the inventors of this theory, and the emphasis is…

These lecture notes are organized into ten lessons that summarize the status of inflationary cosmology.

The point of view of these notes on the topic is to bring out the flavour that Representation Theory is an extension of the first course on Group Theory. We also emphasize the importance of the base field. These notes cover completely the…

The aim of this short lecture series is to expose the students to the beautiful theory of lattices by, on one hand, demonstrating various basic ideas that appear in this theory and, on the other hand, formulating some of the celebrated…

This book collects the lectures about graph theory and its applications which were given to students of mathematical departments of Moscow State University and Peking University. Graph theory is a very wide field with a lot of applications…

Group Theory has become an invaluable tool in the physics community. Despite numerous introductory books, the subject remains challenging for beginners. Mathematica has emerged as a popular tool for research and education, offering various…

This lecture addresses some general ideas behind numerical computations ranging from representation of numbers in computers to stability and accuracy of standard algorithms for some simple mathematical problems.