相关论文: Avalanches in the lung: A statistical mechanical m…

Armed conflict data display scaling and universal dynamics in both social and physical properties like fatalities and geographic extent. We propose a randomly branching, armed-conflict model that relates multiple properties to one another…

Topological structure of bronchial trees affects transport of gases and aerosols in the respiratory system. We start by providing a quantitative assessment of the ability of the alternative tree representations to predict observable…

We numerically investigate the statistics of avalanches in glassy systems of active particles with finite persistence, with and without an externally applied shear. In departing from the infinite-persistence limit and exploring the…

We study propagation of avalanches in a certain excitable network. The model is a particular case of the one introduced in [23], and is mathematically equivalent to an endemic variation of the Reed-Frost epidemic model introduced in [27].…

Inspiratory and expiratory flow in a multi-generation pig lung airway was numerically studied at a peak tracheal flow rate corresponding to a Reynolds number of 1150. The model was validated by comparing velocity distributions with previous…

Two cellular automata models with directed mass flow and internal time scales are studied by numerical simulations. Relaxation rules are a combination of probabilistic critical height (probability of toppling $p$) and deterministic critical…

Powder-snow avalanches are violent natural disasters which represent a major risk for infrastructures and populations in mountain regions. In this study we present a novel model for the simulation of avalanches in the aerosol regime. The…

Crystal plasticity occurs by deformation bursts due to the avalanche-like motion of dislocations. Here we perform extensive numerical simulations of a three-dimensional dislocation dynamics model under quasistatic stress-controlled loading.…

We examine avalanche statistics of rain- and vibration-driven granular slides in miniature sand mounds. A crossover from power-law to non power-law avalanche-size statistics is demonstrated as a generic driving rate $\nu$ is increased. For…

In many complex systems a continuous input of energy over time can be suddenly relaxed in the form of avalanches. Conventional avalanche models disregard the possibility of internal dynamical effects in the inter-avalanche periods, and thus…

The existence of power-law distributions is only a first requirement in the validation of the critical behavior of a system. Long-range spatio-temporal correlations are fundamental for the spontaneous neuronal activity to be the expression…

We develop a mathematical model of the lung that can estimate independently the air flows and pressures in the upper bronchi. It accounts for the lung multi-scale properties and for the air-tissue interactions. The model equations are…

We analyse by numerical simulations and scaling arguments the avalanche statistics of 1-dimensional elastic interfaces in random media driven at a single point. Both global and local avalanche sizes are power-law distributed, with universal…

A new fluid-dynamic model is developed to numerically simulate the non-equilibrium dynamics of polydisperse gas-particle mixtures forming volcanic plumes. Starting from the three-dimensional N-phase Eulerian transport equations for a…

In this paper, we derive an effective model for transport processes in periodically perforated elastic media, taking into account, e.g., cyclic elastic deformations as they occur in lung tissue due to respiratory movement. The underlying…

I discuss the size distribution ${\cal N}(S)$ of avalanches occurring at the yielding transition of mean field (i.e., Hebraud-Lequeux) models of amorphous solids. The size distribution follows a power law dependence of the form: ${\cal…

We present a new approach to the statistics of the cosmic density field and to the mass distribution of high-contrast structures, based on the formalism of Cayley trees. Our approach includes in one random process both fluctuations and…

The dynamics of a "peeling front" or an elastic line is studied under creep (constant load) conditions. Our experiments show an exponential dependence of the creep velocity on the inverse force (mass) applied. In particular, the dynamical…

Neural avalanches are collective firings of neurons that exhibit emergent scale-free behavior. Understanding the nature and distribution of these avalanches is an important element in understanding how the brain functions. We study a model…

In the presented study, a numerical model which predicts the flow-induced collapse within the pharyngeal airway is validated using in vitro measurements. Theoretical simplifications were considered to limit the computation time. Systematic…