相关论文: Fluctuation theorems: Work is not an observable

The characteristic function for heat fluctuations in a non equilibrium system is characterised by a large deviation function whose symmetry gives rise to a fluctuation theorem. In equilibrium the large deviation function vanishes and the…

In this paper we give a pedagogical introduction to the ideas of quantum thermodynamics and work fluctuations, using only basic concepts from quantum and statistical mechanics. After reviewing the concept of work, as usually taught in…

In this work, we numerically verify the Jarzynski equality and Crook fluctuation theorem for a Brownian particle diffusing in a heterogeneous thermal bath and hence having a non-Gaussian position distribution. We use the…

We compare two predictions regarding the microscopic fluctuations of a system that is driven away from equilibrium: one due to Crooks [J. Stat. Phys. 90, 1481 (1998)] which has gained recent attention in the context of nonequilibrium work…

We introduce from an experimental point of view the main concepts of fluctuation theorems for work, heat and entropy production in out of equilibrium systems. We will discuss the important difference between the applications of these…

There are two related theorems which hold even in far from equilibrium, namely fluctuation theorem and Jarzynski equality. Fluctuation theorem states the existence of symmetry of fluctuation of entropy production, while Jarzynski equality…

We study nonequilibrium work relations for a space-dependent field with stochastic dynamics (Model A). Jarzynski's equality is obtained through symmetries of the dynamical action in the path integral representation. We derive a set of exact…

Recently (arXiv:0910.2870), we have derived a fluctuation theorem for systems in thermodynamic equilibrium compatible with anomalous response functions, e.g. the existence of states with \textit{negative heat capacities} $C<0$. In this…

We propose a setup for a quantitative test of the quantum fluctuation theorem. It consists of a quantum conductor, driven by an external voltage source, and a classical inductor-capacitor circuit. The work done on the system by the voltage…

The Jarzynski Equality relates the free energy difference between two equilibrium states of a system to the average of the work over all irreversible paths to go from one state to the other. We claim that the derivation of this equality is…

We review generalized Fluctuation-Dissipation Relations which are valid under general conditions even in ``non-standard systems'', e.g. out of equilibrium and/or without a Hamiltonian structure. The response functions can be expressed in…

We discuss research done in two important areas of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics: fluctuation dissipation relations and dynamical fluctuations. In equilibrium systems the fluctuation-dissipation theorem gives a simple relation…

Systems that are driven out of thermal equilibrium typically dissipate random quantities of energy on microscopic scales. Crooks fluctuation theorem relates the distribution of these random work costs with the corresponding distribution for…

It has been established that the inclusive work for classical, Hamiltonian dynamics is equivalent to the two-time energy measurement paradigm in isolated quantum systems. However, a plethora of other notions of quantum work has emerged, and…

We study experimentally the thermal fluctuations of energy input and dissipation in a harmonic oscillator driven out of equilibrium, and search for Fluctuation Relations. We study transient evolution from the equilibrium state, together…

This chapter reviews an information theoretic approach to deriving quantum fluctuation theorems. When a thermal system is driven from equilibrium, random quantities of work are required or produced: the Crooks equality is a classical…

We analytically describe the decay to equilibrium of generic observables of a non-integrable system after a perturbation in the form of a random matrix. We further obtain an analytic form for the time-averaged fluctuations of an observable…

Hamiltonian mechanics describes the evolution of a system through its Hamiltonian. The Hamiltonian typically also represents the energy observable, a Noether-conserved quantity associated with the time-invariance of the law of evolution. In…

The Jarzynski equality, which relates equilibrium free-energy difference to an average of non-equilibrium work, plays a central role in modern non-equilibrium statistical thermodynamics. In this paper, we study a weaker consequence of this…

In this work, we have studied simple models that can be solved analytically to illustrate various fluctuation theorems. These fluctuation theorems provide symmetries individually to the distributions of physical quantities like the…