相关论文: Annihilation Catastrophe: From Formation to Univer…
Mass extinction is a phenomenon in the history of life on Earth when a considerable number of species go extinct over a relatively short period of time. The magnitude of extinction varies between the events, the most well known are the…
A system of particles is studied in which the stochastic processes are one-particle type-change (or one-particle diffusion) and multi-particle annihilation. It is shown that, if the annihilation rate tends to zero but the initial values of…
We develop a formal model of the emergence of self-constructing objects (e.g. heteropolymers with autocatalytic capability) in an open system, which don't contain such objects initially. The objects are constructed from subunits (e.g.…
A number of authors have in recent years proposed that the processes of macroevolution may give rise to self-organized critical phenomena which could have a significant effect on the dynamics of ecosystems. In particular it has been…
The rate and manner of vacuum decay are calculated in an explicit flux compactification, including all thick-wall and gravitational effects. For landscapes built of many units of a single flux, the fastest decay is usually to discharge just…
The phase transitions to absorbing states of the branching-annihilating reaction-diffusion processes mA --> (m+k)A, nA --> (n-l)A are studied systematically in one space dimension within a new family of models. Four universality classes of…
We consider a stochastic process that describes several particles interacting by either merging or annihilation. When two particles merge, they combine their masses; when annihilation occurs, only the particle of smallest mass survives.…
We describe the construction of a conserved reaction-diffusion system that exhibits self-organized critical (avalanche-like) behavior under the action of a slow addition of particles. The model provides an illustration of the general…
Realistic modeling of ecological population dynamics requires spatially explicit descriptions that can take into account spatial heterogeneity as well as long-distance dispersal. Here, we present Monte Carlo simulations and numerical…
Red and blue particles are placed in equal proportion through-out either the complete or star graph and iteratively sampled to take simple random walk steps. Mutual annihilation occurs when particles with different colors meet. We compare…
The formation of a single bubble from an orifice in a solid surface, submerged in an in- compressible, viscous Newtonian liquid, is simulated. The finite element method is used to capture the multiscale physics associated with the problem…
In this paper, we propose a model for the initial stage of the development of the Universe, analogous to cavitation in a liquid in a negative pressure field. It is assumed that at the stage of inflation, multiple breaks of the metric occur…
The big bounce singularity of a simple 5D cosmological model is studied. Contrary to the standard big bang space-time singularity, this big bounce singularity is found to be an event horizon at which the scale factor and the mass density of…
Annihilation of the electron-positron pairs in macroscopic polyelectrons is considered. It is shown that very fast collapse of the spatial area occupied by macroscopic polyelectron (or dense electron-positron plasma) produces an instant…
The raise and peel model describes the stochastic model of a fluctuating interface separating a substrate covered with clusters of matter of different sizes, and a rarefied gas of tiles. The stationary state is obtained when adsorption…
The processes leading deformation and destruction of planets spiraling into the convective envelope of their host stars are described. The planet is compressed by the ram pressure, and deformed into a flattened shape for which a…
A class of models for large-scale evolution and mass extinctions is presented. These models incorporate environmental changes on all scales, from influences on a single species to global effects. This is a step towards a unified picture of…
We report exact results for one-dimensional reaction-diffusion models A+A -> inert, A+A -> A, and A+B -> inert, where in the latter case like particles coagulate on encounters and move as clusters. Our study emphasized anisotropy of hopping…
Evolution of a system of diffusing and proliferating mortal reactants is analyzed in the presence of randomly moving catalysts. While the continuum description of the problem predicts reactant extinction as the average growth rate becomes…
In this paper we consider diffusions on the half line (0, $\infty$) such that the expectation of the arrival time at the origin is uniformly bounded in the initial point. This implies that there is a well defined diffusion process starting…