相关论文: Multiple Invaded Consolidating Materials
Adversarial attacks can reliably steer safety-aligned large language models toward unsafe behavior. Empirically, we find that adversarial prompt-injection attacks can amplify attack success rate from the slow polynomial growth observed…
The excess adsorption $\Gamma $ in two-dimensional Ising strips $(\infty \times L)$ subject to identical boundary fields, at both one-dimensional surfaces decaying in the orthogonal direction $j$ as $-h_1j^{-p}$, is studied for various…
The propagation of damage on the square Ising lattice with a corner geometry is studied by means of Monte Carlo simulations. It is found that, just at $T=T_f (h)$ (critical temperature of the filling transition) the damage initially…
We uncover a nontrivial signature of the hierarchical structure of quasi-degenerate random directed polymers (RDPs) at zero temperature in 1+1 dimensional lattices. Using a cylindrical geometry with circumference $8 \leq W \leq 512$, we…
3D hydrodynamics models of deep stellar convection exhibit turbulent entrainment at the convective-radiative boundary which follows the entrainment law, varying with boundary penetrability. We implement the entrainment law in the 1D Geneva…
We propose a model which explains how power-law crossover behaviour can arise in a system which is capable of experiencing cascading failure. In our model the susceptibility of the system to cascades is described by a single number, the…
We report the characteristics of the temporal fluctuations in the local force delivered to the wall of a 2D hopper by a granular medium flowing through it. The forces are predominantly impulsive at all flow rates for which the flow does not…
The size of large cliff failures may be described in several ways, for instance considering the horizontal eroded area at the cliff top and the maximum local retreat of the coastline. Field studies suggest that, for large failures, the…
We consider a neuronal levels model that exhibits critical avalanches satisfying power-law distribution. The model has recently explained a change in the scaling exponent from 3/2 to 5/4, accounting for a change in the drive condition from…
We have studied the kinetics of cluster formation for dynamical systems of dimensions up to $n=8$ interacting through elastic collisions or coalescence. These systems could serve as possible models for gas kinetics, polymerization and…
We extend a generic class of systems which have previously been shown to spontaneously develop scaling (power law) distributions of their elementary degrees of freedom. While the previous systems were linear and exploded exponentially for…
Oscillatory sheared suspensions, when observed stroboscopically, exhibit a reversible-irreversible transition as a function of the strain amplitude, which is a kind of absorbing phase transition. So far studies of this transition focused on…
We study experimentally the dynamics of a dense intruder sinking under gravity inside a vibrated 2D granular packing. The surrounding flow patterns are characterized and the falling trajectories are interpreted in terms of an effectivive…
The impact of solid intruders into granular media is commonly described by a combination of quasi-static resistance and an inertial drag force proportional to the square of the impact speed. While intruder geometry is known to influence…
Predicting the outcomes of species invasions is a central goal of ecology, a task made especially challenging due to ecological feedbacks. To address this, we develop a general theory of ecological invasions applicable to a wide variety of…
We study a lattice-gas model of penetrable particles on a square-lattice substrate with same-site and nearest-neighbor interactions. Penetrability implies that the number of particles occupying a single lattice site is unlimited and the…
We investigate compressive failure of heterogeneous materials on the basis of a continuous progressive damage model. The model explicitely accounts for tensile and shear local damage and reproduces the main features of compressive failure…
Minimal fragmentation models intend to unveil the statistical properties of large ensembles of identical objects, each one segmented in {\it two} parts only. Contrary to what happens in the multifragmentation of a single body, minimally…
We consider a moving boundary mathematical model of biological invasion. The model describes the spatiotemporal evolution of two adjacent populations: each population undergoes linear diffusion and logistic growth, and the boundary between…
Analyzing the solar system abundances, we have found two empirical abundance scaling laws concerning the p- and s-nuclei with the same atomic number. The first scaling is s/p ratios are almost constant over a wide range of the atomic…