相关论文: Does the Boltzmann principle need a dynamical corr…

Conventional thermo-statistics address infinite homogeneous systems within the canonical ensemble. (Only in this case this is equivalent to the fundamental microcanonical ensemble.) However, some 170 years ago the original motivation of…

Several approximations are made to study the microcanonical formalism that are valid in the thermodynamics limit. Usually it is assumed that: 1)Stirling approximation can be used to evaluate the number of microstates; 2) the surface entropy…

We investigate the possibility of extending the notion of temperature in a stochastic model for the RNA/protein folding driven out of equilibrium. We simulate the dynamics of a small RNA hairpin subject to an external pulling force, which…

In a recent paper, Dunkel and Hilbert [Nature Physics 10, 67-72 (2014)] use an entropy definition due to Gibbs to provide a 'consistent thermostatistics' which forbids negative absolute temperatures. Here we argue that the Gibbs entropy…

Describing open quantum systems far from equilibrium is challenging, in particular when the environment is mesoscopic, when it develops nonequilibrium features during the evolution, or when the memory effects cannot be disregarded. Here, we…

Microcanonical thermodynamics allows the application of statistical mechanics both to finite and even small systems and also to the largest, self-gravitating ones. However, one must reconsider the fundamental principles of statistical…

The quantum dynamics of a two-level system coupled to an Ohmic spin- bath is studied by means of the perturbation approach based on a unitary transformation. A scattering function $\xi_k$ is introduced in the transformation to take into…

For classical discrete systems under constant composition, a set of microscopic state dominantly contributing to thermodynamically equilibrium structure should depend on temperature and energy through Boltzmann factor, exp(-bE). Despite…

This study investigates the implications of adopting fractional entropy in the area law framework and demonstrates its natural alignment with an isothermal description of black hole composition. We discuss the Zeroth law compatibility of…

Experimental and theoretical results about entropy limits for macroscopic and single-particle systems are reviewed. It is clarified when it is possible to speak about a quantum of entropy, given by the Boltzmann constant k, and about a…

We use the density matrix formalism in order to calculate the energy level shifts, in second order on interaction, of an atom in the presence of a perfectly conducting wall in the dipole approximation. The thermal corrections are also…

We propose a Fokker-Planck equation (FPE) theory to describe stochastic fluctuation and relaxation processes of lattice vibration at a wide range of conditions, including those beyond the phonon gas (PG) limit. Using the time-dependent,…

We critically revisit the definition of thermal equilibrium, in its operational formulation, provided by standard thermodynamics. We show that it refers to experimental conditions which break the covariance of the theory at a fundamental…

A geometric foundation thermo-statistics is presented with the only axiomatic assumption of Boltzmann's principle S(E,N,V)=k\ln W. This relates the entropy to the geometric area e^{S(E,N,V)/k} of the manifold of constant energy in the…

Statistical physics in equilibrium grants us one of its most powerful tools: the equipartition principle. It states that the degrees of freedom of a mechanical system act as a thermometer: temperature is equal to the mean variance of their…

Bohr and Heisenberg suggested that the thermodynamical quantities of temperature and energy are complementary in the same way as position and momentum in quantum mechanics. Roughly speaking, their idea was that a definite temperature can be…

The equipartition theorem is a fundamental law of classical statistical physics, which states that every degree of freedom contributes $k_{B}T/2$ to the energy, where $T$ is the temperature and $k_{B}$ is the Boltzmann constant. Recent…

In systems with detailed balance, the stationary distribution and the equilibrium distribution are identical, creating a clear connection between energetic and entropic quantities. Many driven systems violate detailed balance and still pose…

A particularly simple relation of proportionality between internal energy and pressure holds for scale invariant thermodynamic systems, including classical and quantum Bose and Fermi ideal gases. One can quantify the deviation from such a…

It is expected that the cosmological black holes are the closest realistic solutions of gravitational theories and they evolve with time. Moreover, the natural way of defining thermodynamic entities for the stationary ones is not applicable…