相关论文: Velocity distribution of high-energy particles
We investigate the velocity relaxation of a viscous one-dimensional granular gas, that is, one in which neither energy nor momentum is conserved in a collision. Of interest is the distribution of velocities in the gas as it cools, and the…
We review the arguments supporting the existence of a maximal acceleration for a massive particle and show that different values of this upper limit can be predicted in different physical situations.
We present a simple model for the shape of the distribution function of galaxy peculiar velocities. We show how both nonlinear and linear theory terms combine to produce a distribution which has an approximately Gaussian core with…
The velocity distribution of the dark matter particles on the outskirts of the Solar System remains unclear. We suggest to determine it using experimentally found properties of the oldest halo objects. Indeed, the oldest halo stars and…
The effects of physical interactions are usually incorporated into the quantum theory by including the corresponding terms in the Hamiltonian. Here we consider the effects of including the gravitational potential energy of massive particles…
A modification of the accepted relativistic energy momentum relation is suggested. The new relation allows massive particles to have a maximum velocity c(m) greater than the velocity of light c. The effect of the modification suggested here…
We examine the peculiar velocity distribution function of galaxies in cosmological many-body gravitational clustering. Our statistical mechanical approach derives a previous basic assumption and generalizes earlier results to galaxies with…
We argue that a consistent definition of the velocity of a particle in generalizations of special relativity with two observer-independent scales should be independent from the mass of the particle. This request rules out the definition…
Energy-dependent speeds of light have been considered an observable signature of quantum gravity effects. The two simplest dispersion relationships produce either linear or quadratic corrections, in particle energy, to the photon speed. The…
The varying speed of light theories have been recently proposed to solve the standard model problems and anomalies in the ultra high energy cosmic rays. These theories try to formulate a new relativity with no assumptions about the…
We revisit effective scenarios for the origin of heavy tails in stationary velocity distributions. A first analysis combines localization with diffusive acceleration. That gets realized in space plasmas to find the so-called…
Velocity bias is a reduction of the velocity dispersion of tracer galaxies in comparison to the velocity dispersion of the underlying mass field. There are two distinct forms of velocity bias. The single particle velocity reduction,…
General relativity provides an appropriate framework for addressing the issue of sub- or superluminality as an apparent effect. Even though a massless particle travels on the light cone, its average velocity over a finite path measured by…
A unified treatment for the existence of free energy in several random energy models is presented. If the sequence of distributions associated with the particle systems obeys a large deviation principle, then the free energy exists almost…
Numerical solutions of the Enskog-Vlasov (EV) equation are used to determine the velocity distribution function of atoms spontaneously evaporating into near-vacuum conditions. It is found that an accurate approximation is provided by a…
The majority of nearby early-type galaxies contains detectable amounts of emission-line gas at their centers. The emission-line ratios and gas kinematics potentially form a valuable diagnostic of the nuclear activity and gravitational…
According to the theory of ether light propagates with constant speed c with respect to the absolute reference frame and with respect to any other reference frame the speed of light is covariant. According to the theory of special…
This review is a kinetic theory study investigating the effects of inelasticity on the structure of the non-equilibrium states, in particular on the behavior of the velocity distribution in the high energy tails. Starting point is the…
The distributions of peculiar velocities of rich clusters and of groups of galaxies are investigated for different cosmological models and are compared with observations. Four cosmological models are studied: standard ($\Omega=1$) CDM,…
A massive black hole at the center of a dense stellar system, such as a globular cluster or a galactic nucleus, is subject to a random walk due gravitational encounters with nearby stars. It behaves as a Brownian particle, since it is much…