相关论文: Entropy fluctuations for directed polymers in 2+1 …

We define the entropy S and uncertainty function of a squeezed system interacting with a thermal bath, and study how they change in time by following the evolution of the reduced density matrix in the influence functional formalism. As…

Over the past decades, research on two-dimensional melting has established that both first-order and continuous hexatic-liquid transitions can occur, influenced by various factors in the potential energy and system details. The fundamental…

The relaxational dynamics of 1+1 dimensional directed polymer in random potential is studied by Monte Carlo simulation. A series of temperature quench experiments is performed changing waiting times. Clear crossover from quasi-equilibrium…

We study the free energy of the directed polymer in random environment in dimension 1+1 and 1+2. For dimension 1, we improve the statement of Comets and Vargas concerning very strong disorder by giving sharp estimates on the free energy at…

The asymptotic behaviour near phase transitions can be suitably characterized by the scaling of $\Delta s/Q^2$ with $\epsilon=1-T/T_c$, where $\Delta s$ is the excess entropy and $Q$ is the order parameter. As $\Delta s$ is obtained by…

The limit of small entropy production is reached in relaxing systems long after preparation, and in stationary driven systems in the limit of small driving power. Surprisingly, for extended systems this limit is not in general the…

We study numerically the geometrical and free-energy fluctuations of a static one-dimensional (1D) interface with a short-range elasticity, submitted to a quenched random-bond Gaussian disorder of finite correlation length $\xi>0$, and at…

In the vicinity of a phase transition, the order parameter starts fluctuating before vanishing at the critical point. The fluctuation regime, i.e. the way the ordered phase disappears, is a characteristics of a transition, and determines…

An explicit relation between the dimensional loss ($\Delta D$), entropy production and transport is established under thermal gradients, relating the microscopic and macroscopic behaviors of the system. The extensivity of $\Delta D$ in…

Large entropy fluctuations in a nonequilibrium steady state of classical mechanics were studied in extensive numerical experiments on a simple 2-freedom model with the so-called Gauss time-reversible thermostat. The local fluctuations (on a…

Properties of superfluid states of two-dimensional electron systems with critical antiferromagnetic fluctuations are investigated. These correlations are found to result in the emergence of rapidly varying in the momentum space terms in all…

We study the behavior of the elastic polymer, a model of a directed polymer in a continuous Gaussian random environment that is independent in time and correlated in space, as the dimension of the environment is taken to infinity. We give…

The thermodynamic definition of entropy can be extended to nonequilibrium systems based on its relation to information. To apply this definition in practice requires access to the physical system's microstates, which may be prohibitively…

We consider the reduced density matrix for a disc in the ground state of the interacting fixed points of the large-N O(N) vector model in 2+1 dimensions. Using the map to the free energy on $\mathbb{H}_2 \times S^1$, we show that there is…

Entropy arises in strong interactions by a dynamical separation of ``partons'' from unobservable ``environment'' modes due to confinement. For interacting scalar fields we calculate the statistical entropy of the observable subsystem.…

Many glass-forming fluids exhibit a remarkable thermodynamic scaling in which dynamic properties, such as the viscosity, the relaxation time, and the diffusion constant, can be described under different thermodynamic conditions in terms of…

Entropy is a quantity for counting physical degrees of freedom in a system. At a finite temperature, one can use thermal entropy to study thermodynamical properties. At zero temperature, entanglement entropy is expected to provide a…

For an isolated assembly that comprises a system and its surrounding reservoirs, the total entropy ($S_{a}$) always monotonically increases as time elapses. This phenomenon is known as the second law of thermodynamics ($S_{a}\geq0$). Here…

It has been observed in both natural and man-made materials that volume sometimes decreases with increasing temperature. Though mechanistic understanding has been gained for some individual materials, a general answer to the question "Why…

We describe how we can precisely measure variations in the entropy S of small solid samples below room temperature, as a function the temperature T or the external magnetic field H, respectively. A simple differential-thermal analysis (DTA)…