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Alignment research focuses on making individual AI systems reliable. Human institutions achieve reliable collective behaviour differently: they mitigate the risk posed by misaligned individuals through organisational structure. Multi-agent…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 William Waites

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly embedded in the core functions of social, political, and economic life, it catalyzes structural transformations with far-reaching societal implications. This paper advances the concept of…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-05-19 Kyle A Kilian

AI agents are now running real transactions, workflows, and sub-agent chains across organizational boundaries without continuous human supervision. This creates a problem no current infrastructure is equipped to solve: how do you identify,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Takumi Otsuka , Kentaroh Toyoda , Alex Leung

Institutional decisions -- regulatory compliance, clinical triage, prior authorization appeal -- require a different AI architecture than general-purpose agents provide. Agent frameworks infer authority conversationally, reconstruct…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Mamadou Seck

Could artificial intelligence ever become truly conscious in a functional sense; this paper explores that open-ended question through the lens of Life, a concept unifying classical biological criteria (Oxford, NASA, Koshland) with empirical…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-02-10 Azadeh Alavi , Hossein Akhoundi , Fatemeh Kouchmeshki

With artificial intelligence (AI) being applied to bring autonomy to decision-making in safety-critical domains such as the ones typified in the aerospace and emergency-response services, there has been a call to address the ethical…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Julian Gerald Dcruz , Argyrios Zolotas , Niall Ross Greenwood , Miguel Arana-Catania

As AI systems gain increasing autonomy and execution capability, the number of discovered security vulnerabilities continues to rise. However, many of these vulnerabilities are not fundamentally novel, but instead reflect recurring classes…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Kevin Eykholt , Dhilung Kirat , Xiaokui Shu , Jiyong Jang , Frederico Araujo , Ian Molloy

When automated decision systems fail, organizations frequently discover that formally compliant governance infrastructure cannot reconstruct what happened or why. This paper synthesizes an operational governance evidence framework --…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-04-27 Oleg Solozobov

The last few years have witnessed substantial progress in the field of embodied AI where artificial agents, mirroring biological counterparts, are now able to learn from interaction to accomplish complex tasks. Despite this success,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-01-04 Sarah Pratt , Luca Weihs , Ali Farhadi

For over half a century, computer-aided structural elucidation systems (CASE) for organic compounds have relied on complex expert systems with explicitly programmed algorithms. These systems are often computationally inefficient for complex…

化学物理 · 物理学 2024-10-28 Xiaofeng Tan

Recurrent neural networks are frequently studied in terms of their information-processing capabilities. The structural properties of these networks are seldom considered, beyond those emerging from the connectivity tuning necessary for…

分子网络 · 定量生物学 2025-02-20 Maria Sol Vidal-Saez , Jordi Garcia-Ojalvo

Generative AI agents in life sciences face a critical challenge: determining the optimal approach for diverse queries ranging from simple factoid questions to complex mechanistic reasoning. Traditional methods rely on fixed rules or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-04 Nihir Chadderwala

Artificial neural networks are being proposed as models of parts of the brain. The networks are compared to recordings of biological neurons, and good performance in reproducing neural responses is considered to support the model's…

神经元与认知 · 定量生物学 2023-09-01 Yena Han , Tomaso Poggio , Brian Cheung

Despite substantial efforts, deep learning has not yet delivered a transformative impact on elucidating regulatory biology, particularly in the realm of predicting gene expression profiles. Here, we argue that genuine "foundation models" of…

Across healthcare, agentic artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly promoted as capable of autonomous action, yet in practice they currently operate under near-total human oversight due to safety, regulatory, and liability…

Artificial intelligence pipelines -- spanning data collection, model training, deployment, and post-deployment monitoring -- concentrate ethical risks that intensify with multimodal and agentic systems. Existing governance instruments,…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-03-10 Jasper Kyle Catapang

Current deep learning approaches for physiological signal monitoring suffer from static topologies and constant energy consumption. We introduce SGEMAS (Self-Growing Ephemeral Multi-Agent System), a bio-inspired architecture that treats…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2025-12-18 Mustapha Hamdi

Agentic artificial intelligence systems are autonomous technologies capable of pursuing complex goals with minimal human oversight and are rapidly emerging as the next frontier in AI. While these systems promise major gains in productivity,…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Theodore Roberts , Bahram Zarrin

The pursuit of creating artificial intelligence (AI) mirrors our longstanding fascination with understanding our own intelligence. From the myths of Talos to Aristotelian logic and Heron's inventions, we have sought to replicate the marvels…

神经元与认知 · 定量生物学 2024-11-26 Nima Dehghani , Michael Levin

We outline the principles of classical assurance for computer-based systems that pose significant risks. We then consider application of these principles to systems that employ Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML). A key…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Robin Bloomfield , John Rushby