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In the spanning tree congestion problem, given a connected graph $G$, the objective is to compute a spanning tree $T$ in $G$ that minimizes its maximum edge congestion, where the congestion of an edge $e$ of $T$ is the number of edges in…

计算复杂性 · 计算机科学 2023-07-12 Huong Luu , Marek Chrobak

Let $k\geq2$ be an integer. A tree $T$ is called a $k$-tree if $d_T(v)\leq k$ for each $v\in V(T)$, that is, the maximum degree of a $k$-tree is at most $k$. Let $\lambda_1(D(G))$ denote the distance spectral radius in $G$, where $D(G)$…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-07-22 Sizhong Zhou , Jiancheng Wu

This work presents a new method for symmetrization of directed graphs that constructs an undirected graph with equivalent pairwise effective resistances as a given directed graph. Consequently a graph metric, square root of effective…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2019-01-14 Katherine Fitch

Message passing graph neural networks (GNNs) are a popular learning architectures for graph-structured data. However, one problem GNNs experience is oversquashing, where a GNN has difficulty sending information between distant nodes.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-07 Mitchell Black , Zhengchao Wan , Amir Nayyeri , Yusu Wang

The spanning tree packing number of a graph $G$, denoted by $\tau(G)$, is the maximum number of edge-disjoint spanning trees contained in $G$. The study of $\tau(G)$ is one of the classic problems in graph theory. Cioab\u{a} and Wong…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-07-12 Dandan Fan , Xiaofeng Gu , Huiqiu Lin

A spanning tree $T$ of a connected graph $G$ is a subgraph of $G$ that is a tree covers all vertices of $G$. The leaf distance of $T$ is defined as the minimum of distances between any two leaves of $T$. A fractional matching of a graph $G$…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-07-16 Sizhong Zhou

We give an asymptotic expression for the expected number of spanning trees in a random graph with a given degree sequence $\boldsymbol{d}=(d_1,\ldots, d_n)$, provided that the number of edges is at least $n + \textstyle{\frac{1}{2}}…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-02-21 Catherine Greenhill , Mikhail Isaev , Matthew Kwan , Brendan D. McKay

This paper studies the Laplacian spectrum and the average effective resistance of (large) graphs that are sampled from graphons. Broadly speaking, our main finding is that the Laplacian eigenvalues of a large dense graph can be effectively…

概率论 · 数学 2020-12-03 Renato Vizuete , Federica Garin , Paolo Frasca

Consider a connected graph $G=(E,V)$ with $N=|V|$ vertices. The main purpose of this paper is to explore the question of uniform sampling of a subtree of $G$ with $n$ nodes, for some $n\leq N$ (the spanning tree case correspond to $n=N$,…

概率论 · 数学 2023-04-03 Luis Fredes , Jean-Francois Marckert

This paper contains the proofs of Theorems 2 and 3 of the article entitled Random Electrical Networks on Complete Graphs, written by the same authors and published in the Journal of the London Mathematical Society, vol. 30 (1984), pp.…

概率论 · 数学 2016-09-07 Geoffrey Grimmett , Harry Kesten

We investigate the average hitting times of simple random walks on the $k$-th power graph $C_N^k$ of the cycle graph $C_N$. First, we show that the average hitting times are characterized by a difference equation corresponding to the graph…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-05-13 Tsuyoshi Miezaki , Shunya Tamura

Let $T$ be a tree. A vertex of degree one is a \emph{leaf} of $T$ and a vertex of degree at least three is a \emph{branch vertex} of $T$. A graph is said to be \emph{$K_{1,4}$-free} if it does not contain $K_{1,4}$ as an induced subgraph.…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-01-05 Pham Hoang Ha

The distance energy of a graph $G$ is a recently developed energy-type invariant, defined as the sum of absolute values of the eigenvalues of the distance matrix of $G$. There was a vast research for the pairs and families of non-cospectral…

组合数学 · 数学 2011-04-07 Aleksandar Ili\' c

Let $r(u,v)$ be the resistance distance between two vertices $u, v$ of a simple graph $G$, which is the effective resistance between the vertices in the corresponding electrical network constructed from $G$ by replacing each edge of $G$…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-06-07 Jia-Bao Liu , Si-Qi Zhangb , Xiang-Feng Pan , Shaohui Wang , Sakander Hayat

For any integer $k\geq1,$ a graph $G$ has a $k$-factor if it contains a $k$-regular spanning subgraph. In this paper we prove a sufficient condition in terms of the number of $r$-cliques to guarantee the existence of a $k$-factor in a graph…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-08-29 Guoyan Ao , Ruifang Liu , Jinjiang Yuan , C. T. Ng , T. C. E. Cheng

A tree $\sigma$-spanner of a positively real-weighted $n$-vertex and $m$-edge undirected graph $G$ is a spanning tree $T$ of $G$ which approximately preserves (i.e., up to a multiplicative stretch factor $\sigma$) distances in $G$. Tree…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2017-10-05 Davide Bilò , Feliciano Colella , Luciano Gualà , Stefano Leucci , Guido Proietti

We investigate a degree-biased cutting process on random recursive trees, where each vertex is deleted with probability proportional to its degree. We establish the splitting property and derive the explicit distribution of the number of…

概率论 · 数学 2025-11-24 Laura Eslava , Sergio I. López , Marco L. Ortiz

Kemeny constant, defined as the expected hitting time of random walks from a source node to a randomly chosen target node, is a fundamental metric in graph data management with many real-world applications. However, computing it exactly on…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2025-11-21 Cheng Li , Meihao Liao , Rong-Hua Li , Guoren Wang

Spanning trees are fundamental for efficient communication in networks. For fault-tolerant communication, it is desirable to have multiple spanning trees to ensure resilience against failures of nodes and edges. To this end, various notions…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2026-04-23 Anil Maheshwari , Karthik Murali , Michiel Smid

We define the (random) $k$-cut number of a rooted graph to model the difficulty of the destruction of a resilient network. The process is as the cut model of Meir and Moon except now a node must be cut $k$ times before it is destroyed. The…

概率论 · 数学 2020-04-21 Xing Shi Cai , Luc Devroye , Cecilia Holmgren , Fiona Skerman