相关论文: Low-cost cross-correlation noise setup for measuri…
We describe the construction and operation of a two-channel noise detection system for measuring power and cross spectral densities of current fluctuations near 2 MHz in electronic devices at low temperatures. The system employs cryogenic…
White noise measurement can provide very useful information in addition to normal transport measurements. For example thermal noise measurement can be used at sub Kelvin temperature to determine the absolute electron temperature without…
The Boltzmann constant was measured by comparing the Johnson noise of a resistor at the triple point of water with a quantum-based voltage reference signal generated with a superconducting Josephson-junction waveform synthesizer. The…
We describe a set-up for measurement of the absolute zero by Johnson-Nyquist thermal noise which can be performed within a week in every high-school or university. Necessary electronic components and technical guidelines for the…
Cross-correlation is an established tool to reduce the background in resistance noise measurements. However, the conventional method requires the amplifier, demodulator and digitizer channels to be duplicated, increasing the cost and…
The design and performance of a sensitive and reliable cross-correlation spectrum analyzer for studying low frequency transport noise is described in detail. The design makes use of common PC-based data acquisition hardware and…
The unit of thermodynamic temperature, the kelvin, will be redefined in 2018 by fixing the value of the Boltzmann constant, k. The present CODATA recommended value of k is determined predominantly by acoustic gas-thermometry results. To…
In the electronic measurement of the Boltzmann constant based on Johnson noise thermometry, the ratio of the power spectral densities of thermal noise across a resistor at the triple point of water, and pseudo-random noise synthetically…
A simple experiment for the electron charge $q_e$ measurement is described. The experimental set-up contains standard electronic equipment only and can be built in every high-school lab all around the world with pocket money budget for…
Current fluctuations related to the discreteness of charge passing through small constrictions are termed shot noise. This unavoidable noise provides both advantages - being a direct measurement of the transmitted particles' charge, and…
The noise of a device under test (DUT) is measured simultaneously with two instruments, each of which contributes its own background. The average cross power spectral density converges to the DUT power spectral density. This method enables…
We explore the low-frequency noise of interacting electrons in a one-dimensional structure (quantum wire or interaction-coupled edge states) with counterpropagating modes, assuming a single channel in each direction. The system is driven…
Based on the scattering matrix theory and non-equilibrium green function method, we have investigated the fluctuations of charge and spin current of the systems which consists of a quantum dot (QD) with a resonant level coupled to two…
A new experimental set-up for Boltzmann constant measurement is described. Statistically averaged square of voltage $\left<U^2\right>$ is measured for different capacitances $C$. Boltzmann constant is determined by the equipartition theorem…
We describe a set up for measurements of low frequency (1 mHz < f < 20 Hz) conductance fluctuations in a solid conductor. The set-up uses a five probe a.c. measurement technique and extensive digital signal processing to reach a noise floor…
In this paper, we describe an experiment performed at the Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers and dedicated to an optical measurement of the Boltzmann constant. With the proposed innovative technique, determining comes down to an ordinary…
We report on our ongoing effort to measure the Boltzmann constant, $k_B,$ using the Doppler broadening technique on ammonia. This paper presents some of the improvements made to the mid-infrared spectrometer including the use of a…
Theoretical and experimental work concerned with dynamic fluctuations has developed into a very active and fascinating subfield of mesoscopic physics. We present a review of this development focusing on shot noise in small electric…
Quantum-intensity-correlated twin beams of light can be used to measure absorption with precision beyond the classical shot-noise limit. The degree to which this can be achieved with a given estimator is defined by the quality of the…
We present a new scheme to detect the quantum shot noise in coupled mesoscopic systems. By applying the noise thermometry to the capacitively coupled quantum point contacts (QPCs) we prove that the noise temperature of one QPC is in perfect…