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Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) can lead to formation of abnormal nodular structures within the liver. To address how changes in liver anatomy affect overall virus-host dynamics, we developed within-host ordinary differential…

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is considered as etiological agent of the lethal liver disease hepatitis B. Globally, hepatitis B is recognized as one of the prevailing infectious diseases with a significant impact on human health. In spite of…

Viruses are known to tolerate wide ranges of pH and salt conditions and to withstand internal pressures as high as 100 atmospheres. In this paper we investigate the mechanical properties of viral capsids, calling explicit attention to the…

Nanoindentation of viral capsids provides an efficient tool in order to probe their elastic properties. We investigate in the present work the various sources of stiffness heterogeneity as observed in Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)…

Proliferation of uninfected as well as infected hepatocytes and recycling of DNA-containing capsids are two major mechanisms playing significant roles in the clearance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. In this study, the temporal…

Hepatitis B virus infection is a deadly liver disease. A part of newly produced HBV DNA-containing capsids are reused as a core particle in HBV replication. It is investigated that the recycling of HBV capsids greatly affects the…

We simulate the assembly dynamics of icosahedral capsids from subunits that interconvert between different conformations (or quasi-equivalent states). The simulations identify mechanisms by which subunits form empty capsids with only one…

We consider self-assembly of proteins into a virus capsid by the methods of molecular dynamics. The capsid corresponds either to SPMV or CCMV and is studied with and without the RNA molecule inside. The proteins are flexible and described…

We investigate the dynamics of the hepatitis B virus by integrating variable-order calculus and discrete analysis. Specifically, we utilize the Caputo variable-order difference operator in this study. To establish the existence and…

The protein shells, or capsids, of all sphere-like viruses adopt icosahedral symmetry. In the present paper we propose a statistical thermodynamic model for viral self-assembly. We find that icosahedral symmetry is not expected for viral…

Many viruses rely on the self-assembly of their capsids to protect and transport their genomic material. For many viral systems, in particular for human viruses like hepatitis B, adeno or human immunodeficiency virus, that lead to…

Single-stranded RNA viruses co-assemble their capsid with the genome and variations in capsid structures can have significant functional relevance. In particular, viruses need to respond to a dehydrating environment to prevent genomic…

In this work, a hepatitis B virus infection dynamics model is proposed including the spatial dependence of viruses. The existence of traveling waves for the proposed model is established through the application of the celebrated Gersgorin…

Analysis of the cell population generally provides average information about viral infection in a host whereas the intracellular model captures the individual cellular responses. The primary goal of this study is to comprehensively analyze…

This study develops and analyzes a stochastic differential equation (SDE) model for the dynamics of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. While deterministic frameworks have yielded important insights into viral behavior, they cannot…

In order to replicate within their cellular host, many viruses have developed self-assembly strategies for their capsids which are sufficiently robust as to be reconstituted in vitro. Mathematical models for virus self-assembly usually…

We consider a mathematical model comprising of four coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs) for studying the hepatitis C (HCV) viral dynamics. The model embodies the efficacies of a combination therapy of interferon and ribavirin. A…

Recent work has shown that the hydrophobic protein surfaces in aqueous solution sit near a drying transition. The tendency for these surfaces to expel water from their vicinity leads to self assembly of macromolecular complexes. In this…

A series of simulations aimed at elucidating the self-assembly dynamics of spherical virus capsids is described. This little-understood phenomenon is a fascinating example of the complex processes that occur in the simplest of organisms.…

This study presents an improved mathematical model for Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) transmission dynamics by investigating autonomous and nonautonomous cases. The novel model incorporates the effects of medical treatment, allowing for a more…