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Chemical reaction prediction, involving forward synthesis and retrosynthesis prediction, is a fundamental problem in organic synthesis. A popular computational paradigm formulates synthesis prediction as a sequence-to-sequence translation…

The ability to reason beyond established knowledge allows Organic Chemists to solve synthetic problems and to invent novel transformations. Here, we propose a model which mimics chemical reasoning and formalises reaction prediction as…

SMILES is a linear representation of chemical structures which encodes the connection table, and the stereochemistry of a molecule as a line of text with a grammar structure denoting atoms, bonds, rings and chains, and this information can…

Applications of machine learning in chemistry are often limited by the scarcity and expense of labeled data, restricting traditional supervised methods. In this work, we introduce a framework for molecular reasoning using general-purpose…

Mechanistic understanding of organic reactions can facilitate reaction development, impurity prediction, and in principle, reaction discovery. While several machine learning models have sought to address the task of predicting reaction…

Optical chemical structure recognition (OCSR) systems aim to extract the molecular structure information, usually in the form of molecular graph or SMILES, from images of chemical molecules. While many tools have been developed for this…

Retrosynthesis analysis is pivotal yet challenging in drug discovery and organic chemistry. Despite the proliferation of computational tools over the past decade, AI-based systems often fall short in generalizing across diverse reaction…

While automated chemical tools excel at specific tasks, they have struggled to capture the strategic thinking that characterizes expert chemical reasoning. Here we demonstrate that large language models (LLMs) can serve as powerful tools…

Large language models (LLMs) are beginning to reshape how chemists plan and run reactions in organic synthesis. Trained on millions of reported transformations, these text-based models can propose synthetic routes, forecast reaction…

Predicting chemical reactions, a fundamental challenge in chemistry, involves forecasting the resulting products from a given reaction process. Conventional techniques, notably those employing Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), are often limited…

The discovery of new catalysts is essential for the design of new and more efficient chemical processes in order to transition to a sustainable future. We introduce an AI-guided computational screening framework unifying linguistic…

Predicting the outcome of a chemical reaction using efficient computational models can be used to develop high-throughput screening techniques. This can significantly reduce the number of experiments needed to be performed in a huge search…

Recent advancements in computational chemistry have leveraged the power of trans-former-based language models, such as MoLFormer, pre-trained using a vast amount of simplified molecular-input line-entry system (SMILES) sequences, to…

Machine learning models that predict the feasibility of chemical reactions have become central to automated synthesis planning. Despite their predictive success, these models often lack transparency and interpretability. We introduce a…

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated transformative potential across diverse fields. While LLMs have been applied to molecular simplified molecular input line entry system (SMILES) in computer-aided synthesis…

Retrosynthesis prediction is fundamental to drug discovery and chemical synthesis, requiring the identification of reactants that can produce a target molecule. Current template-free methods struggle to capture the structural invariance…

Over the past decade, Artificial Intelligence has significantly advanced, mostly driven by large-scale neural approaches. However, in the chemical process industry, where safety is critical, these methods are often unsuitable due to their…

Explainability techniques are crucial in gaining insights into the reasons behind the predictions of deep learning models, which have not yet been applied to chemical language models. We propose an explainable AI technique that attributes…

Recent progress in machine learning has sparked increased interest in utilizing this technology to predict the outcomes of chemical reactions. The ultimate aim of such endeavors is to develop a universal model that can predict products for…

Accurately predicting chemical reaction outcomes and potential byproducts is a fundamental task of modern chemistry, enabling the efficient design of synthetic pathways and driving progress in chemical science. Reaction mechanism, which…