相关论文: A note on blinded continuous monitoring for contin…

Blinded sample size re-estimation and information monitoring based on blinded data has been suggested to mitigate risks due to planning uncertainties regarding nuisance parameters. Motivated by a randomized controlled trial in pediatric…

Regression models for continuous outcomes often require a transformation of the outcome, which the user either specify {\it a priori} or estimate from a parametric family. Cumulative probability models (CPMs) nonparametrically estimate the…

Popular guidance on observational data analysis states that outcomes should be blinded when determining matching criteria or propensity scores. Such a blinding is informally said to maintain the "objectivity" of the analysis, and to prevent…

Most of the fundamental characteristics of quantum mechanics, such as non-locality and contextuality, are manifest in discrete, finite-dimensional systems. However, many quantum information tasks that exploit these properties cannot be…

We present a new approach for deriving sampled-data observers from continuous-time observers that feature an Input-to-Output Stability property with respect to the output measurement noise and exponential convergence in the noiseless case.…

A machine-learned system that is fair in static decision-making tasks may have biased societal impacts in the long-run. This may happen when the system interacts with humans and feedback patterns emerge, reinforcing old biases in the system…

The concept of biased data is well known and its practical applications range from social sciences and biology to economics and quality control. These observations arise when a sampling procedure chooses an observation with probability that…

Considerable interest has recently been focused on studying multiple phenotypes simultaneously in both epidemiological and genomic studies, either to capture the multidimensionality of complex disorders or to understand shared etiology of…

AB testing evaluates the difference between a control and a treatment in a statistically rigorous manner. Continuous monitoring allows statistical evaluation of an AB test as it proceeds. One goal of continuous monitoring is early stopping…

In this paper we propose a new approach for sequential monitoring of a parameter of a $d$-dimensional time series, which can be estimated by approximately linear functionals of the empirical distribution function. We consider a…

Products between phase-type distributed random variables and any independent, positive and continuous random variable are studied. Their asymptotic properties are established, and an expectation-maximization algorithm for their effective…

In randomised trials, continuous endpoints are often measured with some degree of error. This study explores the impact of ignoring measurement error, and proposes methods to improve statistical inference in the presence of measurement…

For randomized controlled trials to be conclusive, it is important to set the target sample size accurately at the design stage. Comparing two normal populations, the sample size calculation requires specification of the variance other than…

We propose nonparametric open-end sequential testing procedures that can detect all types of changes in the contemporary distribution function of possibly multivariate observations. Their asymptotic properties are theoretically investigated…

A high-gain extended observer is designed for a class of nonlinear uncertain systems. This observer has the ability of estimating system uncertainty, and it can be used to estimate the derivatives of signal up to order n. The controller…

We study the estimation of the linear discriminant with projection pursuit, a method that is blind in the sense that it does not use the class labels in the estimation. Our viewpoint is asymptotic and, as our main contribution, we derive…

The determination of the sample size required by a crossover trial typically depends on the specification of one or more variance components. Uncertainty about the value of these parameters at the design stage means that there is often a…

Precision medicine has led to a paradigm shift allowing the development of targeted drugs that are agnostic to the tumor location. In this context, basket trials aim to identify which tumor types - or baskets - would benefit from the…

The probability of benefit is a valuable and important measure of treatment effect, which has advantages over the average treatment effect. Particularly for an ordinal outcome, it has a better interpretation and can make apparent different…

In this paper we propose a new observability property for nonautonomous linear control systems in finite dimension; the nonuniform complete observability, which is more general than the uniform complete observability. The main result of…