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PageRank is an algorithm introduced in 1998 and used by the Google Internet search engine. It assigns a numerical value to each element of a set of hyperlinked documents (that is, web pages) within the World Wide Web with the purpose of…

In open-source software design, the inclusion of women is often highlighted simply to remind programmers that women exist. Yet, little attention is given to how greater gender diversity, specifically women's participation, could…

Online knowledge communities (OKC) such as Stack Exchange, Reddit, and Zhihu have long functioned as socio technical infrastructures for collective problem solving. The rapid adoption of Generative AI (GenAI) introduces both complementarity…

As millions of people use ChatGPT for tasks such as education, writing assistance, and health advice, concerns have grown about how personal prompts and data are stored and used. This study explores how Reddit users collectively negotiate…

The package manager (PM) is crucial to most technology stacks, acting as a broker to ensure that a verified dependency package is correctly installed, configured, or removed from an application. Diversity in technology stacks has led to…

One problem when studying how to find and fix syntax errors is how to get natural and representative examples of syntax errors. Most syntax error datasets are not free, open, and public, or they are extracted from novice programmers and do…

Collecting API examples, usages, and mentions relevant to a specific API method over discussions on venues such as Stack Overflow is not a trivial problem. It requires efforts to correctly recognize whether the discussion refers to the API…

While there is an increased discourse on large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT and DeepSeek, there is no comprehensive understanding of how users of online platforms, like Reddit, perceive these models. This is an important omission…

Previous studies that used data from Stack Overflow to develop predictive models often employed limited benchmarks of 3-5 models or adopted arbitrary selection methods. Despite being insightful, their limited scope suggests the need to…

PageRank is arguably the most popular ranking algorithm which is being applied in real systems ranging from information to biological and infrastructure networks. Despite its outstanding popularity and broad use in different areas of…

User representation learning is vital to capture diverse user preferences, while it is also challenging as user intents are latent and scattered among complex and different modalities of user-generated data, thus, not directly measurable.…

Software testing is an integral part of modern software engineering practice. Past research has not only underlined its significance, but also revealed its multi-faceted nature. The practice of software testing and its adoption is…

Context: Navigating the knowledge of Stack Overflow (SO) remains challenging. To make the posts vivid to users, SO allows users to write and edit posts with Markdown or HTML so that users can leverage various formatting styles (e.g., bold,…

Stack Overflow (SO) has become an essential resource for software development. Despite its success and prevalence, navigating SO remains a challenge. Ideally, SO users could benefit from highlighted navigational cues that help them decide…

Jupyter Notebook is a popular tool among data analysts and scientists for working with data. It provides a way to combine code, documentation, and visualizations in a single, interactive environment, facilitating code reuse. While code…

Developers often search for relevant code examples on the web for their programming tasks. Unfortunately, they face two major problems. First, the search is impaired due to a lexical gap between their query (task description) and the…

Sentiment analysis is a well-known natural language processing task that involves identifying the emotional tone or polarity of a given piece of text. With the growth of social media and other online platforms, sentiment analysis has become…

Modern programming languages like Java require runtime systems to support the implementation and deployment of software applications in diverse computing platforms and operating systems. These runtime systems are normally developed in…

Software practitioners discuss problems at work with peers, in-person and online. These discussions can be technical (e.g., how to fix a bug?) and social (e.g., how to assign work fairly?). While there is a growing body of knowledge…

As large language model (LLM) agents are deployed in public interactive settings, a key question is whether their communities can sustain challenge, repair, and public correction, or merely produce norm-like language. We compare Moltbook, a…