相关论文: Number theory combination: natural density and SMT

We review a notion of completeness in QFT arising from the analysis of basic properties of the set of operator algebras attached to regions. In words, this completeness asserts that the physical observable algebras produced by local degrees…

Over the past decade network theory has turned out to be a powerful methodology to investigate complex systems of various sorts. Through data analysis, modeling, and simulation quite an unparalleled insight into their structure, function,…

We report an inconsistency found in probability theory (also referred to as measure-theoretic probability). For probability measures induced by real-valued random variables, we deduce an "equality" such that one side of the "equality" is a…

Sequence theories are an extension of theories of strings with an infinite alphabet of letters, together with a corresponding alphabet theory (e.g. linear integer arithmetic). Sequences are natural abstractions of extendable arrays, which…

Orbit-finite models of computation generalise the standard models of computation, to allow computation over infinite objects that are finite up to symmetries on atoms, denoted by $\mathbb{A}$. Set theory with atoms is used to reason about…

Density functional theory (DFT) is the de facto approach for predicting self-consistent-field electronic structures of ground-state configurations of complex atoms, molecules, and solids and providing their property data for materials…

We show that modularity, a quantity introduced in the study of networked systems, can be generalized and used in the clustering problem as an indicator for the quality of the solution. The introduction of this measure arises very naturally…

The solution term by term to the scattering of all consistent string theories is given. The moduli space of M-theory is derived and connects the various string theories. The solutions contain both the perturbative and non-perturbative…

Infinite statistics in which all representations of the symmetric group can occur is known as a special case of quon theory. Our previous work has built a relativistic quantum field theory which allows interactions involving infinite…

Density-functional theory is a formally exact description of a many-body quantum system in terms of its density; in practice, however, approximations to the universal density functional are required. In this work, a model based on deep…

Component systems - ensembles of realizations built from a shared repertoire of modular parts - are ubiquitous in biological, ecological, technological, and socio-cultural domains. From genomes to texts, cities, and software, these systems…

We review several problems of conventional Grand Unification and some new approaches. In particular, we discuss strongly coupled Grand Unified Theories. Standard Model may emerge as a low energy effective theory of composite particles in…

We argue that symmetry and unification can emerge as byproducts of certain physical constraints on dynamical scattering. To accomplish this we parameterize a general Lorentz invariant, four-dimensional theory of massless and massive scalar…

Ramsey theory looks for regularities in large objects. Model theory studies algebraic structures as models of theories. The structural Ramsey theory combines these two fields and is concerned with Ramsey-type questions about certain…

This paper presents several classes of fusion problems which cannot be directly attacked by the classical mathematical theory of evidence, also known as the Dempster-Shafer Theory (DST) either because the Shafer's model for the frame of…

Model-independent search strategies have been increasingly proposed in recent years because on the one hand there has been no clear signal for new physics and on the other hand there is a lack of a highly probable and parameter-free…

The Higgs mechanism of mass generation is the main ingredient in the contemporary Standard Model and its various generalizations. However, there is no comprehensive theory of spontaneous symmetry breaking. We summarize the relevant…

Conceptual models as representations of real-world systems are based on diverse techniques in various disciplines but lack a framework that provides multidisciplinary ontological understanding of real-world phenomena. Concurrently, systems…

We study semantic and syntactic properties of spherical orders and their elementary theories, including finite and dense orders and their theories. It is shown that theories of dense $n$-spherical orders are countably categorical and…

The compactness phenomenon is one of the featured aspects of structuralism in mathematics. In simple and broad words, a compactness property holds in a structure if a related property is satisfied by sufficiently many substructures of that…