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When light travels through a medium in which the refractive index is rapidly changing with time, the light will undergo a shift in its frequency. Large frequency shifting effects have recently been reported for transparent conductive…
Optical imaging through turbid or heterogeneous environments (collectively referred to as complex media) is fundamentally challenged by scattering, which scrambles structured spatial and phase information. To address this, we propose a…
Materials with a spatially uniform but temporally varying optical response have applications ranging from magnetic field-free optical isolators to fundamental studies of quantum field theories. However, these effects typically become…
Transparent conducting oxides are highly doped semiconductors that exhibit favourable characteristics when compared to metals, including reduced material losses, tuneable electronic and optical properties, and enhanced damage thresholds.…
The class of transparent conductive oxides includes the material indium tin oxide (ITO) and has become a widely used material of modern every-day life such as in touch screens of smart phones and watches, but also used as an optically…
Epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) materials such as indium tin oxide (ITO), have recently emerged as a new platform to enhance optical nonlinearities. Here we report a theoretical and experimental study on the origin of nonlinearities in ITO thin…
Transparent conductive oxides such as indium tin oxide (ITO) bear the potential to deliver efficient all-optical functionality due to their record-breaking optical nonlinearity at epsilon near zero (ENZ) wavelengths. All-optical…
We envision the use of an indium tin oxide (ITO) thin film as part of a bi-layered silicon-photonics subwavelength device to boost nonlinearity-assisted all-passive nonreciprocal behavior. The asymmetric p-polarized oblique excitation of a…
The transparent and conductive properties of indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films, make them an attractive coating for optically integrated ion traps. However, the relatively low transmittance for wavelengths $<$ 400 nm, high scattering and…
We re-examine real-time holography for all-optical structuring of light and optical computation using a contemporary material: a subwavelength-thick, spatially unstructured film of indium tin oxide (ITO). When excited by spatially…
The promise of active nanophotonics technology relies on the confinement and control of light at the nanoscale. Confinement via plasmonics, dielectric resonators, and waveguides can be complemented with materials whose optical properties…
Transparent conductive oxides (TCO) enable confinement of charge-sensitive ions and Rydberg atoms proximal to dielectric structures including waveguides and photon detectors. However, optical loss precludes the use of TCOs within…
Epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) materials have emerged as viable platforms for strong nonlinear optical (NLO) interactions. The NLO phase shift in materials exhibiting an ENZ condition is extremely large, however, direct experimental measurements…
Time-varying effects have unveiled new possibilities for manipulating electromagnetic waves through the temporal dimension. In this study, we experimentally explore these effects in the nonlinear optical process of terahertz (THz)…
Tunable optical material properties enable novel applications in both versatile metamaterials and photonic components including optical sources and modulators. Transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) are able to highly tune their optical…
Dynamical materials that capable of responding to optical stimuli have always been pursued for designing novel photonic devices and functionalities, of which the response speed and amplitude as well as integration adaptability and energy…
Strong nonlinear materials have been sought after for decades for applications in telecommunications, sensing, and quantum optics. Gallium-doped zinc oxide is a II-VI transparent conducting oxide that shows promising nonlinearities similar…
Scalable, high-speed, small-footprint photonic switching platforms are essential for advancing optical communication. An effective optical switch must operate at high duty cycles with fast recovery times, while maintaining substantial…
Thin films of inorganic materials as Tin-doped indium oxide, titanium oxide, Niobium doped titanium oxide, were deposited for comparison on glass and Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates with a DC sputtering method. These thin films…
Novel materials, with enhanced light-matter interaction capabilities, play an essential role in achieving the lofty goals of nonlinear optics. Recently, Epsilon-Near-Zero (ENZ) media have emerged as a promising candidate to enable the…