相关论文: Why gauge invariance applies to statistical mechan…

We analyze how gauge fixing, which is required by any practical continuum approach to gauge systems, can interfere with the physical symmetries of such systems. In principle, the gauge fixing procedure, which deals with the (unphysical)…

Quantum field theory is assumed to be gauge invariant. However it is well known that when certain quantities, such as the vacuum current, are calculated the results are not gauge invariant. The non-gauge invariant terms have to be removed…

Inertial and gravitational mass or energy-momentum need not be the same for virtual quantum states. Separating their roles naturally leads to the gauge theory of volume-preserving diffeomorphisms of an inner four-dimensional space. The…

The conventional group of four-dimensional diffeomorphisms is not realizeable as a canonical transformation group in phase space. Yet there is a larger field-dependent symmetry transformation group which does faithfully reproduce 4-D…

Experiments and simulations in solid-state high harmonic generation often make use of the distinction between interband and intraband currents. These two contributions to the total current have been associated with qualitatively different…

In this work, we identify the most general measure of arbitrage for any market model governed by It\^o processes. We show that our arbitrage measure is invariant under changes of num\'{e}raire and equivalent probability. Moreover, such…

Consistent interactions that can be added to a free, Abelian gauge theory comprising a BF model and a finite set of massless real scalar fields are constructed from the deformation of the solution to the master equation based on specific…

We review the procedure by which we implemented the non-Abelian Gauss's law and constructed gauge-invariant fields for QCD in the temporal (Weyl) gauge. We point out that the operator-valued transformation that transforms gauge-dependent…

It has recently been argued that quantization can be established within classical theory as a consequence of lost information. In this view, classical mechanics is regarded as a union of quantum mechanics and what are called 'hidden…

Three techniques for performing gauge-invariant, noncompact lattice simulations of nonabelian gauge theories are discussed. In the first method, the action is not itself gauge invariant, but a kind of lattice gauge invariance is restored by…

The use of gyrokinetics, wherein phase-space coordinate transformations result in a phase-space dimensionality reduction as well as the removal of fast time scales, has enabled the simulation of microturbulence in fusion devices. The…

We propose a novel description for the Higgs mechanism by which a gauge boson acquires the mass. We do not assume spontaneous breakdown of gauge symmetry signaled by a non-vanishing vacuum expectation value of the scalar field. In fact, we…

We study the properties of a non-abelian gauge theory subjected to a gauge invariant constraint given by the classical equations of motion. The constraint is not imposed by hand, but appears naturally when we study a particular type of…

Gauge invariance is a fundamental principle that must be preserved in quantum transport. However, when a complex potential is incorporated into the Hamiltonian, we find that the current described by the well-established…

To numerically evolve the full Einstein equations (or modifications thereof), simulations of cosmological spacetimes must rely on a particular formulation of the field equations combined with a specific gauge/frame choice. Yet truly…

An algorithm is described to convert Lorentz and gauge invariant expressions in non--Abelian gauge theories with matter into a standard form, consisting of a linear combination of basis invariants. This algorithm is needed for computer…

Lorentz covariance is the fundamental principle of every relativistic field theory which insures consistent physical descriptions. Even if the space-time is noncommutative, field theories on it should keep Lorentz covariance. In this paper,…

A novel inhomogeneous gauge transformation law is proposed for a non-Abelian adjoint two-form in four dimensions. Rules for constructing actions invariant under this are given. The auxiliary vector field which appears in some of these…

The concepts of symmetry, symmetry breaking and gauge symmetries are discussed, their operational meaning being displayed by the observables {\em and} the (physical) states. For infinitely extended systems the states fall into physically…

Interactions of gauge-invariant systems are severely constrained by several consistency requirements. One is the preservation of the number of gauge symmetries, another is causal propagation. For lower-spin fields, the emphasis is usually…