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The balancing process for game levels in a competitive two-player context involves a lot of manual work and testing, particularly in non-symmetrical game levels. In this paper, we propose an architecture for automated balancing of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-08 Florian Rupp , Manuel Eberhardinger , Kai Eckert

Deep Reinforcement Learning achieves very good results in domains where reward functions can be manually engineered. At the same time, there is growing interest within the community in using games based on Procedurally Content Generation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-12-07 Alessandro Sestini , Alexander Kuhnle , Andrew D. Bagdanov

The balancing process for game levels in competitive two-player contexts involves a lot of manual work and testing, particularly for non-symmetrical game levels. In this work, we frame game balancing as a procedural content generation task…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-25 Florian Rupp , Manuel Eberhardinger , Kai Eckert

This survey explores Procedural Content Generation via Machine Learning (PCGML), defined as the generation of game content using machine learning models trained on existing content. As the importance of PCG for game development increases,…

Procedural content generation via Machine Learning (PCGML) is the umbrella term for approaches that generate content for games via machine learning. One of the benefits of PCGML is that, unlike search or grammar-based PCG, it does not…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2018-09-26 Matthew Guzdial , Joshua Reno , Jonathan Chen , Gillian Smith , Mark Riedl

Procedural content generation via machine learning (PCGML) in games involves using machine learning techniques to create game content such as maps and levels. 2D tile-based game levels have consistently served as a standard dataset for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-08 Mahsa Bazzaz , Seth Cooper

Procedural content generation via machine learning (PCGML) has demonstrated its usefulness as a content and game creation approach, and has been shown to be able to support human creativity. An important facet of creativity is combinational…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-06-18 Sam Snodgrass , Anurag Sarkar

Search-based procedural content generation (PCG) is a well-known method for level generation in games. Its key advantage is that it is generic and able to satisfy functional constraints. However, due to the heavy computational costs to run…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-08-26 Ahmed Khalifa , Michael Cerny Green , Julian Togelius

Procedural Content Generation (PCG) is widely used to create scalable and diverse environments in games. However, existing methods, such as the Wave Function Collapse (WFC) algorithm, are often limited to static scenarios and lack the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-03-14 Aniruddha Srinivas Joshi

Procedural Content Generation (PCG) is defined as the automatic creation of game content using algorithms. PCG has a long history in both the game industry and the academic world. It can increase player engagement and ease the work of game…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-02-06 Mahdi Farrokhi Maleki , Richard Zhao

Self-supervision has the potential to transform reinforcement learning (RL), paralleling the breakthroughs it has enabled in other areas of machine learning. While self-supervised learning in other domains aims to find patterns in a fixed…

Environments with procedurally generated content serve as important benchmarks for testing systematic generalization in deep reinforcement learning. In this setting, each level is an algorithmically created environment instance with a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-06-15 Minqi Jiang , Edward Grefenstette , Tim Rocktäschel

Procedural Content Generation via Machine Learning (PCGML) faces a significant hurdle that sets it apart from other fields, such as image or text generation, which is limited annotated data. Many existing methods for procedural level…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-06-30 Negar Mirgati , Matthew Guzdial

The paper presents the PCGPT framework, an innovative approach to procedural content generation (PCG) using offline reinforcement learning and transformer networks. PCGPT utilizes an autoregressive model based on transformers to generate…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-05 Sajad Mohaghegh , Mohammad Amin Ramezan Dehnavi , Golnoosh Abdollahinejad , Matin Hashemi

Recent advancements in generative modeling emphasize the importance of natural language as a highly expressive and accessible modality for controlling content generation. However, existing instructed reinforcement learning for procedural…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Sung-Hyun Kim , Geum-Hwan Hwang , In-Chang Baek , Seo-Young Lee , Kyung-Joong Kim

Procedural content generation (PCG) is a growing field, with numerous applications in the video game industry and great potential to help create better games at a fraction of the cost of manual creation. However, much of the work in PCG is…

Most meta reinforcement learning (meta-RL) methods learn to adapt to new tasks by directly optimizing the parameters of policies over primitive action space. Such algorithms work well in tasks with relatively slight difference. However,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-03-05 Haotian Fu , Hongyao Tang , Jianye Hao , Wulong Liu , Chen Chen

Developing comprehensive explicit world models is crucial for understanding and simulating real-world scenarios. Recently, Procedural Controllable Generation (PCG) has gained significant attention in large-scale scene generation by enabling…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-18 Mengqi Zhou , Yuxi Wang , Jun Hou , Shougao Zhang , Yiwei Li , Chuanchen Luo , Junran Peng , Zhaoxiang Zhang

As Deep Reinforcement Learning (Deep RL) research moves towards solving large-scale worlds, efficient environment simulations become crucial for rapid experimentation. However, most existing environments struggle to scale to high…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-30 Eduardo Pignatelli , Jarek Liesen , Robert Tjarko Lange , Chris Lu , Pablo Samuel Castro , Laura Toni

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has recently unlocked strong reasoning capabilities in large language models (LLMs), triggering rapid exploration of new algorithms and data. However, RLVR training is notoriously…