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Future liquid-xenon (LXe) based observatories for rare processes, such as XLZD, require testing of large components and sub-assemblies in cryogenic liquid or gaseous xenon environments. Here we present results from the stable operation of a…

The DARWIN observatory is a proposed next-generation experiment to search for particle dark matter and other rare interactions. It will operate a 50 t liquid xenon detector, with 40 t in the time projection chamber (TPC). To inform the…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2021-08-25 L. Baudis , Y. Biondi , M. Galloway , F. Girard , A. Manfredini , N. McFadden , R. Peres , P. Sanchez-Lucas , K. Thieme

The PandaX-xT is a next-generation experiment with broad scientific goals, including the search for dark matter, Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay, and astrophysical neutrinos, using a dual-phase time projection chamber with about 43 tons of…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2026-04-09 Xu Wang , Li Zhao , Xiang Xiao , Xiangyi Cui , Shuaijie Li , Jianglai Liu

As liquid xenon time projection chambers scale to ever-larger sizes, so too do the engineering challenges they pose. We describe a large, flexible, multipurpose test facility capable of supporting the development of a number of key aspects…

The scale of liquid xenon experiments for rare events searching is expanding, which is planned even to fifty tons level. The detector and distillation tower require a reliable cooling source with large cooling power at liquid xenon…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2025-06-13 Tao Zhan , Jianglai Liu , Yang Liu , Weihao Wu , Binbin Yan , Zhou Wang

The PandaX-30T is a proposed next-generation experiment to study dark matter and neutrinos using a dual-phase time projection chamber with \textasciitilde30 tons of liquid xenon. An innovative xenon handling subsystem of the PandaX-30T, the…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2023-06-07 Xiuli Wang , Zhuoqun Lei , Yonglin Ju , Jianglai Liu , Ning Zhou , Yu Chen , Zhou Wang , Xiangyi Cui , Yue Meng , Li Zhao

Xenoscope is a demonstrator for a next-generation xenon-based observatory for astroparticle physics, as proposed by the XLZD (XENON-LUX-ZEPLIN-DARWIN) collaboration. It houses a 2.6 m tall, two-phase xenon time projection chamber (TPC), in…

The XENON1T experiment aims for the direct detection of dark matter in a cryostat filled with 3.3 tons of liquid xenon. In order to achieve the desired sensitivity, the background induced by radioactive decays inside the detector has to be…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2017-05-09 XENON Collaboration , E. Aprile , J. Aalbers , F. Agostini , M. Alfonsi , F. D. Amaro , M. Anthony , F. Arneodo , P. Barrow , L. Baudis , B. Bauermeister , M. L. Benabderrahmane , T. Berger , P. A. Breur , A. Brown , E. Brown , S. Bruenner , G. Bruno , R. Budnik , L. Bütikofer , J. Calvén , J. M. R. Cardoso , M. Cervantes , D. Cichon , D. Coderre , A. P. Colijn , J. Conrad , J. P. Cussonneau , M. P. Decowski , P. de Perio , P. Di Gangi , A. Di Giovanni , S. Diglio , E. Duchovni , G. Eurin , J. Fei , A. D. Ferella , A. Fieguth , D. Franco , W. Fulgione , A. Gallo Rosso , M. Galloway , F. Gao , M. Garbini , C. Geis , L. W. Goetzke , L. Grandi , Z. Greene , C. Grignon , C. Hasterok , E. Hogenbirk , R. Itay , B. Kaminsky , G. Kessler , A. Kish , H. Landsman , R. F. Lang , D. Lellouch , L. Levinson , M. Le Calloch , Q. Lin , S. Lindemann , M. Lindner , J. A. M. Lopes A. Manfredini , I. Maris , T. Marrodán Undagoitia , J. Masbou , F. V. Massoli , D. Masson , D. Mayani , Y. Meng , M. Messina , K. Micheneau , B. Miguez , A. Molinario , M. Murra , J. Naganoma , K. Ni , U. Oberlack , S. E. A. Orrigo , P. Pakarha , B. Pelssers , R. Persiani , F. Piastra , J. Pienaar , M. -C. Piro , V. Pizzella , G. Plante , N. Priel , L. Rauch , S. Reichard , C. Reuter , A. Rizzo , S. Rosendahl , N. Rupp , R. Saldanha , J. M. F. dos Santos , G. Sartorelli , M. Scheibelhut , S. Schindler , J. Schreiner , M. Schumann , L. Scotto Lavina , M. Selvi , P. Shagin , E. Shockley , M. Silva , H. Simgen , M. v. Sivers , A. Stein , D. Thers , A. Tiseni , G. Trinchero , C. Tunnell , N. Upole , H. Wang , Y. Wei , C. Weinheimer , J. Wulf , J. Ye , Y. Zhang , I. Cristescu

RED-100 is a two-phase detector for study of coherent elastic scattering of reactor electron antineutrinos off xenon atomic nuclei. The detector contains a total of 200 kg of liquid xenon in a titanium cryostat with 160 kg of xenon in…

PandaX-4T, the new generation of the PandaX detector, is a xenon dual-phase detector with about six tons of liquid xenon as target for dark matter search. A cryogenics and xenon handling system is designed to liquify and purify this large…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2021-08-11 Li Zhao , Xiangyi Cui , Wenbo Ma , Yingjie Fan , Karl Giboni , Tao Zhang , Jianglai Liu , Xiangdong Ji

This manuscript details the proof-of-concept of a small-scale cryogenic heat pump demonstrator, a technology designed to enable high-flow xenon distillation systems for the removal of $^{222}$Rn in future liquid xenon observatories such as…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2026-04-23 P. Schulte , D. Wenz , L. Althueser , R. Braun , V. Hannen , C. Huhmann , D. Koke , Y. -T. Lin , P. Unkhoff , C. Weinheimer

XENON is a novel liquid xenon experiment concept for a sensitive dark matter search using a 1-tonne active target, distributed in an array of ten independent time projection chambers. The design relies on the simultaneous detection of…

Panda-X is a liquid xenon dual-phase detector for the Dark Matter Search. The first modestly-sized module will soon be installed in the China JinPing Deep Underground Laboratory in Sichuan province, P.R. China. The cryogenics system is…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2015-06-05 Zhao Li , Karl Ludwig Giboni , Haowei Gong , Xiangdong Ji , Andy Tan

The EXO-200 experiment searched for neutrinoless double-beta decay of $^{136}$Xe with a single-phase liquid xenon detector. It used an active mass of 110 kg of 80.6%-enriched liquid xenon in an ultra-low background time projection chamber…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2022-02-23 N. Ackerman , J. Albert , M. Auger , D. J. Auty , I. Badhrees , P. S. Barbeau , L. Bartoszek , E. Baussan , V. Belov , C. Benitez-Medina , T. Bhatta , M. Breidenbach , T. Brunner , G. F. Cao , W. R. Cen , C. Chambers , B. Cleveland , R. Conley , S. Cook , M. Coon , W. Craddock , A. Craycraft , W. Cree , T. Daniels , L. Darroch , S. J. Daugherty , J. Daughhetee , C. G. Davis , J. Davis , S. Delaquis , A. Der Mesrobian-Kabakian , R. deVoe , T. Didberidze , J. Dilling , A. Dobi , A. G. Dolgolenko , M. J. Dolinski , M. Dunford , J. Echevers , L. Espic , W. Fairbank , D. Fairbank , J. Farine , W. Feldmeier , S. Feyzbakhsh , P. Fierlinger , K. Fouts , D. Franco , D. Freytag , D. Fudenberg , P. Gautam , G. Giroux , R. Gornea , K. Graham , G. Gratta , C. Hagemann , C. Hall , K. Hall , G. Haller , E. V. Hansen , C. Hargrove , R. Herbst , S. Herrin , J. Hodgson , M. Hughes , A. Iverson , A. Jamil , C. Jessiman , M. J. Jewell , A. Johnson , T. N. Johnson , S. Johnston , A. Karelin , L. J. Kaufman , R. Killick , T. Koffas , S. Kravitz , R. Krücken , A. Kuchenkov , K. S. Kumar , Y. Lan , A. Larson , D. S. Leonard , F. Leonard , F. LePort , G. S. Li , S. Li , Z. Li , C. Licciardi , Y. H. Lin , D. Mackay , R. MacLellan , M. Marino , J. -M. Martin , Y. Martin , T. McElroy , K. McFarlane , T. Michel , B. Mong , D. C. Moore , K. Murray , R. Neilson , O. Njoya , O. Nusair , K. O'Sullivan , A. Odian , I. Ostrovskiy , C. Ouellet , A. Piepke , A. Pocar , C. Y. Prescott , K. Pushkin , F. Retiere , A. Rivas , A. L. Robinson , E. Rollin , P. C. Rowson , M. P. Rozo , J. Runge , J. J. Russell , S. Schmidt , A. Schubert , D. Sinclair , K. Skarpaas , S. Slutsky , E. Smith , A. K. Soma , V. Stekhanov , V. Strickland , M. Swift , M. Tarka , J. Todd , T. Tolba , D. Tosi , T. I. Totev , R. Tsang , K. Twelker , B. Veenstra , V. Veeraraghavan , J. -L. Vuilleumier , J. -M. Vuilleumier , M. Wagenpfeil , A. Waite , J. Walton , T. Walton , K. Wamba , J. Watkins , M. Weber , L. J. Wen , U. Wichoski , M. Wittgen , J. Wodin , J. Wood , G. Wrede , S. X. Wu , Q. Xia , L. Yang , Y. -R. Yen , O. Ya Zeldovich , T. Ziegler

XeBRA is a flexible cryogenic platform designed to perform research and development for liquid xenon detectors searching for rare events. Its extra-large outer cryostat makes it possible to install a wide variety of detector designs. We…

In recent years cooling technology for Liquid Xenon (LXe) detectors has advanced driven by the development of Dark Matter (DM) detectors with target mass in the 100 - 1,000 kg range. The next generation of DM detectors based on LXe will be…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2019-09-24 K. L. Giboni , P. Juyal , E. Aprile , Y. Zhang , J. Naganoma

We report a demonstration of the scalability of optically transparent xenon in the solid phase for use as a particle detector above a kilogram scale. We employed a cryostat cooled by liquid nitrogen combined with a xenon purification and…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2015-09-02 J. Yoo , H. Cease , W. F. Jaskierny , D. Markley , R. B. Pahlka , D. Balakishiyeva , T. Saab , M. Filipenko

The DARWIN project aims to build and operate a next-generation observatory for dark matter and neutrino physics, featuring a time projection chamber with a proposed active target of 40 t of liquid xenon. As an R&D facility to test…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2023-03-28 R. Peres
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