通过低温蒸馏将氙中氪去除至 ppq 量级
仪器与探测器
2017-05-09 v2
摘要
XENON1T 实验旨在通过一个充满 3.3 吨液氙的低温恒温器直接探测暗物质。为达到所需的灵敏度，探测器内部放射性衰变引起的本底必须足够低。一个主要贡献者是 发射体 Kr，它是氙的固有污染。对于 XENON1T 实验，要求氙中天然氪的浓度 Kr/Xe < 200 ppq（万亿分之一，1 ppq = 10 mol/mol）。本文描述了采用通用 McCabe-Thiele 方法设计的新型低温蒸馏塔。该系统在超过 3 kg/h 的处理速度下，展示了 6.410 的氪去除因子，并具有热力学稳定性。最终得到的 Kr/Xe 浓度 < 26 ppq，是有史以来达到的最低值，比 XENON1T 的要求低了近一个数量级，甚至足以满足未来使用液氙的暗物质实验（如 XENONnT 和 DARWIN）的需求。
引用
@article{arxiv.1612.04284,
title = {Removing krypton from xenon by cryogenic distillation to the ppq level},
author = {XENON Collaboration and E. Aprile and J. Aalbers and F. Agostini and M. Alfonsi and F. D. Amaro and M. Anthony and F. Arneodo and P. Barrow and L. Baudis and B. Bauermeister and M. L. Benabderrahmane and T. Berger and P. A. Breur and A. Brown and E. Brown and S. Bruenner and G. Bruno and R. Budnik and L. Bütikofer and J. Calvén and J. M. R. Cardoso and M. Cervantes and D. Cichon and D. Coderre and A. P. Colijn and J. Conrad and J. P. Cussonneau and M. P. Decowski and P. de Perio and P. Di Gangi and A. Di Giovanni and S. Diglio and E. Duchovni and G. Eurin and J. Fei and A. D. Ferella and A. Fieguth and D. Franco and W. Fulgione and A. Gallo Rosso and M. Galloway and F. Gao and M. Garbini and C. Geis and L. W. Goetzke and L. Grandi and Z. Greene and C. Grignon and C. Hasterok and E. Hogenbirk and R. Itay and B. Kaminsky and G. Kessler and A. Kish and H. Landsman and R. F. Lang and D. Lellouch and L. Levinson and M. Le Calloch and Q. Lin and S. Lindemann and M. Lindner and J. A. M. Lopes A. Manfredini and I. Maris and T. Marrodán Undagoitia and J. Masbou and F. V. Massoli and D. Masson and D. Mayani and Y. Meng and M. Messina and K. Micheneau and B. Miguez and A. Molinario and M. Murra and J. Naganoma and K. Ni and U. Oberlack and S. E. A. Orrigo and P. Pakarha and B. Pelssers and R. Persiani and F. Piastra and J. Pienaar and M. -C. Piro and V. Pizzella and G. Plante and N. Priel and L. Rauch and S. Reichard and C. Reuter and A. Rizzo and S. Rosendahl and N. Rupp and R. Saldanha and J. M. F. dos Santos and G. Sartorelli and M. Scheibelhut and S. Schindler and J. Schreiner and M. Schumann and L. Scotto Lavina and M. Selvi and P. Shagin and E. Shockley and M. Silva and H. Simgen and M. v. Sivers and A. Stein and D. Thers and A. Tiseni and G. Trinchero and C. Tunnell and N. Upole and H. Wang and Y. Wei and C. Weinheimer and J. Wulf and J. Ye and Y. Zhang and I. Cristescu},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1612.04284},
year = {2017}
}