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We study the effects of data size and quality on the performance on Automated Essay Scoring (AES) engines that are designed in accordance with three different paradigms; A frequency and hand-crafted feature-based model, a recurrent neural…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-08-31 Christopher Ormerod , Amir Jafari , Susan Lottridge , Milan Patel , Amy Harris , Paul van Wamelen

Online experiments in internet systems, also known as A/B tests, are used for a wide range of system tuning problems, such as optimizing recommender system ranking policies and learning adaptive streaming controllers. Decision-makers…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Qing Feng , Samuel Daulton , Benjamin Letham , Maximilian Balandat , Eytan Bakshy

Researchers often face data fusion problems, where multiple data sources are available, each capturing a distinct subset of variables. While problem formulations typically take the data as given, in practice, data acquisition can be an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-11-02 Shantanu Gupta , Zachary C. Lipton , David Childers

Experimental testing is vital in the optimization of web applications, and as such A/B testing has been widely adopted as a methodology for determining optimal content for many web applications. While some testing platforms provide…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2017-10-04 Ian E. Fellows

Online experiments are a fundamental component of the development of web-facing products. Given their large user-bases, even small product improvements can have a large impact on user engagement or profits on an absolute scale. As a result,…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2019-08-23 Jacopo Soriano

The effective sample size (ESS) measures the informational value of a probability distribution in terms of an equivalent number of study participants. The ESS plays a crucial role in estimating the Expected Value of Sample Information…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2024-01-31 Linke Li , Hawre Jalal , Anna Heath

Experimental comparisons of performance represent an important aspect of research on optimization algorithms. In this work we present a methodology for defining the required sample sizes for designing experiments with desired statistical…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2018-10-16 Felipe Campelo , Fernanda Takahashi

Policy gradient reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms have achieved impressive performance in challenging learning tasks such as continuous control, but suffer from high sample complexity. Experience replay is a commonly used approach to…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-02-19 Saad Mohamad , Giovanni Montana

With the growing needs of online A/B testing to support the innovation in industry, the opportunity cost of running an experiment becomes non-negligible. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for an efficient continuous monitoring…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-04 Runzhe Wan , Yu Liu , James McQueen , Doug Hains , Rui Song

In many contexts it is useful to predict the number of individuals in some population who will initiate a particular activity during a given period. For example, the number of users who will install a software update, the number of…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-04-15 Thomas Richardson , Yu Liu , James McQueen , Doug Hains

Many organizations utilize large-scale online controlled experiments (OCEs) to accelerate innovation. Having high statistical power to detect small differences between control and treatment accurately is critical, as even small changes in…

应用统计 · 统计学 2020-09-11 Ali Mahmoudzadeh , Sophia Liu , Sol Sadeghi , Paul Luo Li , Somit Gupta

A/B tests serve the purpose of reliably identifying the effect of changes introduced in online services. It is common for online platforms to run a large number of simultaneous experiments by splitting incoming user traffic randomly in…

Determining the sample size of an experiment can be challenging, even more so when incorporating external information via a prior distribution. Such information is increasingly used to reduce the size of the control group in randomized…

应用统计 · 统计学 2019-07-10 Beat Neuenschwander , Sebastian Weber , Heinz Schmidli , Anthony O'Hagan

We consider large-scale studies in which it is of interest to test a very large number of hypotheses, and then to estimate the effect sizes corresponding to the rejected hypotheses. For instance, this setting arises in the analysis of gene…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2015-03-31 Kean Ming Tan , Noah Simon , Daniela Witten

We study the problem of estimating the distribution of effect sizes (the mean of the test statistic under the alternate hypothesis) in a multiple testing setting. Knowing this distribution allows us to calculate the power (type II error) of…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-07-28 Jennifer Brennan , Ramya Korlakai Vinayak , Kevin Jamieson

With the robust uptick in the applications of Bayesian external data borrowing, eliciting a prior distribution with the proper amount of information becomes increasingly critical. The prior effective sample size (ESS) is an intuitive and…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2024-04-23 Hongtao Zhang , Keaven M Anderson , Zachary Zimmer , Gregory Golm , Aditi Sapre , Joseph G Ibrahim

The widespread adoption of online randomized controlled experiments (A/B Tests) for decision-making has created ongoing capacity constraints which necessitate interim analyses. As a consequence, platform users are increasingly motivated to…

Evaluating the causal effect of recommendations is an important objective because the causal effect on user interactions can directly leads to an increase in sales and user engagement. To select an optimal recommendation model, it is common…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-07-16 Masahiro Sato

A common dilemma encountered by many upon implementing an optimization method or experiment, whether it be a reinforcement learning algorithm, or A/B testing, is deciding on what metric to optimize for. Very often short-term metrics, which…

应用统计 · 统计学 2019-06-17 Yoni Schamroth , Liron Gat Kahlon , Boris Rabinovich , David Steinberg

This paper studies classification with an abstention option in the online setting. In this setting, examples arrive sequentially, the learner is given a hypothesis class $\mathcal H$, and the goal of the learner is to either predict a label…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2016-09-29 Chicheng Zhang , Kamalika Chaudhuri
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