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We introduce and study a new graph representation where vertices are embedded in three or more dimensions, and in which the edges are drawn on the projections onto the axis-parallel planes. We show that the complete graph on $n$ vertices…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2020-10-06 N. R. Aravind , Udit Maniyar

A mixed graph $G$ can contain both (undirected) edges and arcs (directed edges). Here we derive an improved Moore-like bound for the maximum number of vertices of a mixed graph with diameter at least three. Moreover, a complete enumeration…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-04-26 C. Dalfó , M. A. Fiol , N. López

Map vertices of a graph to (not necessarily distinct) points of the plane so that two adjacent vertices are mapped at least a unit distance apart. The plane-width of a graph is the minimum diameter of the image of the vertex set over all…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2013-01-08 Marcin Kaminski , Paul Medvedev , Martin Milanic

A multigraph drawn in the plane is non-homotopic if no two edges connecting the same pair of vertices can be continuously deformed into each other without passing through a vertex, and is $k$-crossing if every pair of edges…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-01-22 António Girão , Freddie Illingworth , Alex Scott , David R. Wood

We consider the problem of drawing an outerplanar graph with $n$ vertices with at most one bend per edge if the outer face is already drawn as a simple polygon. We prove that it can be decided in $O(nm)$ time if such a drawing exists, where…

计算几何 · 计算机科学 2021-08-30 Patrizio Angelini , Philipp Kindermann , Andre Löffler , Lena Schlipf , Antonios Symvonis

A visibility representation is a classical drawing style of planar graphs. It displays the vertices of a graph as horizontal vertex-segments, and each edge is represented by a vertical edge-segment touching the segments of its end vertices;…

计算几何 · 计算机科学 2013-08-26 Franz J. Brandenburg

A topological graph is a graph drawn in the plane. A topological graph is $k$-plane, $k>0$, if each edge is crossed at most $k$ times. We study the problem of partitioning the edges of a $k$-plane graph such that each partite set forms a…

A matchstick graph is a plane graph with edges drawn as unit distance line segments. This class of graphs was introduced by Harborth who conjectured that a matchstick graph on $n$ vertices can have at most $\lfloor 3n - \sqrt{12n -…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-06-04 Panna Gehér , Géza Tóth

A graph $G=(V,E)$ is called 1-planar if it admits a drawing in the plane such that each edge is crossed at most once. In this paper, we study bipartite $1$-planar graphs with prescribed numbers of vertices in partite sets. Bipartite…

组合数学 · 数学 2015-03-05 Július Czap , Jakub Przybyło , Erika Škrabuľáková

We study straight-line drawings of planar graphs with few segments and few slopes. Optimal results are obtained for all trees. Tight bounds are obtained for outerplanar graphs, 2-trees, and planar 3-trees. We prove that every 3-connected…

组合数学 · 数学 2008-09-09 Vida Dujmovic' , David Eppstein , Matthew Suderman , David R. Wood

Beyond-planarity focuses on the study of geometric and topological graphs that are in some sense nearly-planar. Here, planarity is relaxed by allowing edge crossings, but only with respect to some local forbidden crossing configurations.…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2017-12-29 Patrizio Angelini , Michael A. Bekos , Michael Kaufmann , Maximilian Pfister , Torsten Ueckerdt

A bipartite graph $G = (X \cup Y, E)$ is a 2-layer $k$-planar graph if it admits a drawing on the plane such that the vertices in $X$ and $Y$ are placed on two parallel lines respectively, edges are drawn as straight-line segments, and…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2026-02-20 Yuto Okada

A graph is NIC-planar if it admits a drawing in the plane with at most one crossing per edge and such that two pairs of crossing edges share at most one common end vertex. NIC-planarity generalizes IC-planarity, which allows a vertex to be…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2017-11-06 Christian Bachmaier , Franz J. Brandenburg , Kathrin Hanauer , Daniel Neuwirth , Josef Reislhuber

We prove that if an $n$-vertex graph $G$ can be drawn in the plane such that each pair of crossing edges is independent and there is a crossing-free edge that connects their endpoints, then $G$ has $O(n)$ edges. Graphs that admit such…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-08-31 Eyal Ackerman , Balázs Keszegh , Mate Vizer

A graph with n vertices is 1-planar if it can be drawn in the plane such that each edge is crossed at most once, and is optimal if it has the maximum of 4n-8 edges. We show that optimal 1-planar graphs can be recognized in linear time. Our…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2018-01-25 Franz J. Brandenburg

A graph drawn on the plane is called $1$-plane if each edge is crossed at most once by another edge. In this paper, we show that every $4$-connected $1$-plane graph has a connected spanning plane subgraph. We also show that there exist…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-04-09 Kenta Noguchi , Katsuhiro Ota , Yusuke Suzuki

A fixed-mobile bigraph G is a bipartite graph such that the vertices of one partition set are given with fixed positions in the plane and the mobile vertices of the other part, together with the edges, must be added to the drawing. We…

A graph G is an a-angle crossing (aAC) graph if every pair of crossing edges in G intersect at an angle of at least a. The concept of right angle crossing (RAC) graphs (a=Pi/2) was recently introduced by Didimo et. al. It was shown that any…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2013-03-12 Vida Dujmovic , Joachim Gudmundsson , Pat Morin , Thomas Wolle

A drawing of a graph in the plane is {\it pseudolinear} if the edges of the drawing can be extended to doubly-infinite curves that form an arrangement of pseudolines, that is, any pair of edges crosses precisely once. A special case are…

A drawing of a graph is $k$-plane if no edge is crossed more than $k$ times. In this paper we study saturated $k$-plane drawings with few edges. This are $k$-plane drawings in which no edge can be added without violating $k$-planarity. For…

计算几何 · 计算机科学 2021-08-31 Fabian Klute , Irene Parada