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The processes of planet formation and migration depend intimately on the interaction between planetesimals and the gaseous disks in which they form. The formation of gaps in the disk can severely limit the mass of the planet and its…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-07 Wayne F. Winters , Steven A. Balbus , John F. Hawley

3D modifications to the well-studied 2D flow topology around an embedded planet have the potential to resolve long-standing problems in planet formation theory. We present a detailed analysis of the 3D isothermal flow field around a 5…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-09-30 Jeffrey Fung , Pawel Artymowicz , Yanqin Wu

We use resistive magnetohydrodynamical simulations with the nested grid technique to study the formation of protoplanetary disks around protostars from molecular cloud cores that provide the realistic environments for planet formation. We…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-14 Shu-ichiro Inutsuka , Masahiro N. Machida , Tomoaki Matsumoto

Recent observations have revealed a gallery of substructures in the dust component of nearby protoplanetary discs, including rings, gaps, spiral arms, and lopsided concentrations. One interpretation of these substructures is the existence…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-01-08 Chao-Chin Yang , Zhaohuan Zhu

The ring and gap structures found in observed protoplanetary disks are often attributed to embedded gap-opening planets and typically modeled with simplified thermodynamics in the 2D, thin disk approximation. However, it has been shown that…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-01-28 Alexandros Ziampras , Amelia J. Cordwell , Roman R. Rafikov , Richard P. Nelson

We performed linear calculations to determine the Type I planetary migration rate for three-dimensional locally isothermal disks with radial temperature gradients. For 3D disks with radial temperature gradients, the linear wave equation has…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-04-22 Hidekazu Tanaka , Kohei Okada

We carried out two-dimensional high-resolution simulations to study the effect of dust feedback on the evolution of vortices induced by massive planets in protoplanetary disks. Various initial dust to gas disk surface density ratios…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2014-10-30 Wen Fu , Hui Li , Stephen Lubow , Shengtai Li , Edison Liang

We investigate the Type I migration of planets in low-density cavities and inner discs of strongly magnetized young stars using global three-dimensional (3D) magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations, where the strong magnetic field carves the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-03-18 M. M. Romanova , A. V. Koldoba , G. V. Ustyugova , C. C. Espaillat , R. V. E. Lovelace

Transition discs are expected to be a natural outcome of the interplay between photoevaporation (PE) and giant planet formation. Massive planets reduce the inflow of material from the outer to the inner disc, therefore triggering an earlier…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-03-03 Kristina Monsch , Giovanni Picogna , Barbara Ercolano , Wilhelm Kley

We investigate how planets interact with viscous accretion disks, in the limit that the disk is sufficiently low mass that the planet migrates more slowly than the disk material. In that case, the disk's surface density profile is…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-03-18 Adam M. Dempsey , Wing-Kit Lee , Yoram Lithwick

Our aim is to study the thermal and dynamical evolution of protoplanetary disks in global simulations, including the physics of radiation transfer and magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence caused by the magneto-rotational instability. We…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-17 M. Flock , S. Fromang , M. González , B. Commerçon

(Abridged) Planetesimals embedded in a protoplanetary disc are stirred by gravitational torques exerted by density fluctuations in the surrounding turbulence. In particular, planetesimals in a disc supporting fully developed…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-04 Oliver Gressel , Richard P. Nelson , Neal J. Turner

High-resolution sub-mm observations of some protoplanetary discs reveal non-asixymmetric features, which can often be interpreted as dust concentrations in vortices that form at the edges of gaps carved out by the embedded planets. We use…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-01-06 Roman R. Rafikov , Nicolas P. Cimerman

Gap-opening planets can generate dust-trapping vortices that may explain some of the latest discoveries of high-contrast crescent-shaped dust asymmetries in transition discs. While planet-induced vortices were previously thought to have…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-11-07 Michael Hammer , Paola Pinilla , Kaitlin M. Kratter , Min-Kai Lin

Planet-disk interaction predicts a change in the orbital elements of an embedded planet. Through linear and fully hydrodynamical studies it has been found that migration is typically directed inwards. Hence, this migration process gives…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-27 Willy Kley

We present the results of high-resolution, three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamic simulations of the dynamics and formation of coherent, long-lived vortices in stably-stratified protoplanetary disks. Tall, columnar vortices that extend…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-10 J. A. Barranco , P. S. Marcus

A growing planet embedded in a protoplanetary disk induces three-dimensional gas flow, which exhibits a midplane outflow that can suppress dust accretion onto the planet and form global dust substructures (rings and gaps). Because analytic…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-11-06 Ayumu Kuwahara , Hiroyuki Kurokawa

We conduct gas and dust hydrodynamical simulations of protoplanetary discs with one and two embedded planets to determine the impact that a second planet located further out in the disc has on the potential for subsequent planet formation…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-10-10 Matthew Pritchard , Farzana Meru , Sahl Rowther , David Armstrong , Kaleb Randall

A planet is formed within a protoplanetary disk. Recent observations have revealed substructures such as gaps and rings, which may indicate forming planets within the disk. Due to disk--planet interaction, the planet migrates within the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-04-08 Kazuhiro D. Kanagawa , Hideko Nomura , Takashi Tsukagoshi , Takayuki Muto , Ryohei Kawabe

The discovery of close orbiting extrasolar giant planets led to extensive studies of disk planet interactions and the forms of migration that can result as a means of accounting for their location. Early work established the type I and type…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 J. C. B. Papaloizou , R. P. Nelson , W. Kley , F. S. Masset , P. Artymowicz