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Transverse Momentum Dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions (PDFs) also take into account the transverse momentum ($p_T$) of the partons. The $p_T$-integrated analogues can be linked directly to quark and gluon matrix elements using…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2014-04-02 P. J. Mulders , M. G. A. Buffing

We study the $\sin2\phi_h$ azimuthal asymmetry of charged and neutral pion productions off the longitudinally polarized nucleon targets in semi-inclusive deeply inelastic scattering (SIDIS) process within the transverse momentum…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2022-08-24 Hui Li , Zhun Lu

Transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) gluon distributions have different operator definitions, depending on the process under consideration. We study that aspect of TMD factorization in the small-x limit, for the various unpolarized TMD gluon…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2017-01-10 C. Marquet , E. Petreska , C. Roiesnel

Its cornerstone were studies of hadron production in deep inelastic scattering (DIS), which can be interpreted in the transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) factorisation framework, allowing to access the distributions of polarisation and…

高能物理 - 实验 · 物理学 2026-05-13 Jan Matousek

We present a summary of a recent workshop held at Duke University on Partonic Transverse Momentum in Hadrons: Quark Spin-Orbit Correlations and Quark-Gluon Interactions. The transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions…

We discuss Transverse Momentum Dependent (TMD) gluon distributions within high energy factorization at next-to-leading order in the strong coupling within the framework of Lipatov's high energy effective action. We provide a detailed…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2021-09-22 Martin Hentschinski

To study the heavy quark production processes, we use the transverse momentum dependent (TMD, or unintegrated) gluon distribution function in a proton obtained recently using the Kimber-Martin-Ryskin prescription from the Bessel-inspired…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2021-10-04 A. V. Kotikov , A. V. Lipatov , P. Zhang

The inclusive hadronic production of $\eta_Q$($\eta_c$ or $\eta_b$) pair is proposed to extract the transverse momentum dependent(TMD) gluon distribution functions. We use nonrelativistic QCD(NRQCD) for the production of $\eta_Q$. Under…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2014-12-03 Guang-Peng Zhang

Heavy quarkonium ($\Upsilon$) production at low transverse momentum ($P_\perp$) in high-energy hadronic collisions is revisited from the point of view of transverse momentum dependent (TMD) framework. We perform resummation of double…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2018-08-01 Jian-Wei Qiu , Kazuhiro Watanabe

Using soft collinear effective field theory, we derive the factorization theorem for the quasi-transverse-momentum-dependent (quasi-TMD) operator. We check the factorization theorem at one-loop level and compute the corresponding…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2020-05-06 Alexey A. Vladimirov , Andreas Schäfer

We investigate the predictive power of transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) distributions as a function of the light-cone momentum fraction $x$ and the hard scale $Q$ defined by the process. We apply the saddle point approximation to the…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2020-07-03 Manvir Grewal , Zhong-Bo Kang , Jian-Wei Qiu , Andrea Signori

The transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) soft function for non-relativistic heavy quark pair production at hadron colliders is analytically computed at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in the strong coupling expansion. We present the…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2025-10-21 Hua-Sheng Shao , Guoxing Wang

We apply the transverse momentum dependent factorization formalism to investigate the transverse single spin dependent Collins asymmetry with a $\sin(\phi_h+\phi_s)$ modulation in the semi-inclusive production of Kaon meson in deep…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2020-08-26 Shi-Chen Xue , Xiaoyu Wang , De-Min Li , Zhun Lu

Phenomenological studies of transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distributions rely on the expansion in small values of the transverse separation of fields, where TMD parton distributions match onto collinear parton distribution…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2023-09-07 Simone Rodini , Alessio Carmelo Alvaro , Barbara Pasquini

We investigate the use of jets to measure transverse momentum dependent distributions (TMDs). The example we use to present our framework is the dijet momentum decorrelation at lepton colliders. Translating this momentum decorrelation into…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2018-10-24 Daniel Gutierrez-Reyes , Ignazio Scimemi , Wouter J. Waalewijn , Lorenzo Zoppi

We study forward dijet production in dilute-dense hadronic collisions. By considering the appropriate limits, we show that both the transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) and the high-energy factorization formulas can be derived from the Color…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2015-09-29 P. Kotko , K. Kutak , C. Marquet , E. Petreska , S. Sapeta , A. van Hameren

We study the transverse-momentum spectrum of quarkonium production from single light-parton fragmentation mechanism. In the case of semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering, we observe that there are two possible initiating processes,…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2020-10-29 Miguel G. Echevarria , Yiannis Makris , Ignazio Scimemi

We present a global analysis of Sivers functions, transversity distribution functions, and Collins fragmentation functions within the transverse momentum dependent factorization. This analysis encompasses the latest data from semi-inclusive…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2024-12-25 Chunhua Zeng , Hongxin Dong , Tianbo Liue , Peng Sun , Yuxiang Zhao

Transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions (PDFs), TMDs for short, are defined as the Fourier transform of matrix elements of nonlocal combinations of quark and gluon fields. The nonlocality is bridged by gauge links,…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2015-09-30 D. Boer , M. G. A. Buffing , P. J. Mulders

In the TMD approach, the average transverse momentum of the unpolarised TMD PDFs and FFs is crucial not only to reproduce unpolarised cross sections and hadron multiplicities, but also for the understanding of azimuthal and spin…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2019-02-14 M. Anselmino , M. Boglione , U. D'Alesio , F. Murgia , A. Prokudin