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We introduce and explore the notion of "spaces of input histories", a broad family of combinatorial objects which can be used to model input-dependent, dynamical causal order. We motivate our definition with reference to traditional partial…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-07-31 Stefano Gogioso , Nicola Pinzani

Causal analysis has become an essential component in understanding the underlying causes of phenomena across various fields. Despite its significance, existing literature on causal discovery algorithms is fragmented, with inconsistent…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-09-05 Wenjin Niu , Zijun Gao , Liyan Song , Lingbo Li

We provide a unified operational framework for the study of causality, non-locality and contextuality, in a fully device-independent and theory-independent setting. We define causaltopes, our chosen portmanteau of "causal polytopes", for…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-07-31 Stefano Gogioso , Nicola Pinzani

We provide a unified operational framework for the study of causality, non-locality and contextuality, in a fully device-independent and theory-independent setting. Our work has its roots in the sheaf-theoretic framework for contextuality…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-07-31 Stefano Gogioso , Nicola Pinzani

This tutorial provides a concise introduction to modern causal modeling by integrating potential outcomes and graphical methods. We motivate causal questions such as counterfactual reasoning under interventions and define binary treatments…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2025-06-27 Gauranga Kumar Baishya

In this paper a systematic study of the causal structure and global causality properties of multiwarped spacetimes is developed. This analysis is used to make a detailed description of the causal boundary of these spacetimes. Some…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2017-09-04 L. Aké Hau , J. L. Flores , J. Herrera

We describe the interface between measure theoretic probability and causal inference by constructing causal models on probability spaces within the potential outcomes framework. We find that measure theory provides a precise and instructive…

统计理论 · 数学 2019-07-04 Irineo Cabreros , John D. Storey

Causal inference plays an important role in explanatory analysis and decision making across various fields like statistics, marketing, health care, and education. Its main task is to estimate treatment effects and make intervention…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2024-07-22 Yingrong Wang , Haoxuan Li , Minqin Zhu , Anpeng Wu , Ruoxuan Xiong , Fei Wu , Kun Kuang

The notion of causal effect is fundamental across many scientific disciplines. Traditionally, quantitative researchers have studied causal effects at the level of variables; for example, how a certain drug dose (W) causally affects a…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2026-04-07 Junhyung Park , Yuqing Zhou

We propose a formalization of the three-tier causal hierarchy of association, intervention, and counterfactuals as a series of probabilistic logical languages. Our languages are of strictly increasing expressivity, the first capable of…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2021-06-03 Duligur Ibeling , Thomas Icard

Recent formal approaches towards causality have made the concept ready for incorporation into the technical world. However, causality reasoning is computationally hard; and no general algorithmic approach exists that efficiently infers the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2019-05-01 Amjad Ibrahim , Simon Rehwald , Alexander Pretschner

Incidence varieties are spaces of $n$-tuples of points in the projective plane that satisfy a given set of collinearity conditions. We classify the components of incidence varieties and realization moduli spaces associated to configurations…

代数几何 · 数学 2025-07-15 Kelly Isham , Nathan Kaplan , Sam Kimport , Rachel Lawrence , Luke Peilen , Max Weinreich

The fusion of causal models with deep learning introducing increasingly intricate data sets, such as the causal associations within images or between textual components, has surfaced as a focal research area. Nonetheless, the broadening of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-03 Hang Chen , Keqing Du , Chenguang Li , Xinyu Yang

A list of all possible causal relations in the $2$-dimensional Minkowski space $M$ is exhausted, based on the duality between timelike and spacelike in this particular case, and thirty topologies are introduced, all of them encapsulating…

数学物理 · 物理学 2019-03-06 Kyriakos Papadopoulos , Nazli Kurt , Basil K. Papadopoulos

We provide a conceptual map to navigate causal analysis problems. Focusing on the case of discrete random variables, we consider the case of causal effect estimation from observational data. The presented approaches apply also to continuous…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-06-06 Finnian Lattimore , Cheng Soon Ong

Understanding the relation of events plays an important role in different domains, such as identifying the reasons for users' certain actions from application logs as well as explaining sports players' behaviors according to historical…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2020-08-28 Xiao Xie , Moqi He , Yingcai Wu

Causality among events is widely recognized as a most fundamental structure of spacetime, and causal sets have been proposed as discrete models of the latter in the context of quantum gravity theories, notably in the Causal Set Programme.…

计算物理 · 物理学 2010-04-20 Tommaso Bolognesi

When causal quantities cannot be point identified, researchers often pursue partial identification to quantify the range of possible values. However, the peculiarities of applied research conditions can make this analytically intractable.…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2021-09-29 Guilherme Duarte , Noam Finkelstein , Dean Knox , Jonathan Mummolo , Ilya Shpitser

We pose causal inference as the problem of learning to classify probability distributions. In particular, we assume access to a collection $\{(S_i,l_i)\}_{i=1}^n$, where each $S_i$ is a sample drawn from the probability distribution of $X_i…

机器学习 · 统计学 2015-05-20 David Lopez-Paz , Krikamol Muandet , Bernhard Schölkopf , Ilya Tolstikhin

Causal inference is a study of causal relationships between events and the statistical study of inferring these relationships through interventions and other statistical techniques. Causal reasoning is any line of work toward determining…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2023-04-03 Patrick Chadbourne , Nasir Eisty
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