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Optimization is an essential part of power grid operation and lately, Online Optimization methods have gained traction. One such method is Online Feedback Optimization (OFO) which uses measurements from the grid as feedback to iteratively…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-08-11 Lukas Ortmann , Christian Rubin , Alessandro Scozzafava , Janick Lehmann , Saverio Bolognani , Florian Dörfler

Online feedback optimization (OFO) enables optimal steady-state operations of a physical system by employing an iterative optimization algorithm as a dynamic feedback controller. When the plant consists of several interconnected…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2024-09-13 Wenbin Wang , Zhiyu He , Giuseppe Belgioioso , Saverio Bolognani , Florian Dörfler

In this paper, we propose a combined Online Feedback Optimization (OFO) and dynamic estimation approach for a real-time power grid operation under time-varying conditions. A dynamic estimation uses grid measurements to generate the…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2022-05-17 Miguel Picallo , Dominic Liao-McPherson , Saverio Bolognani , Florian Dörfler

The increasing electric power consumption and the shift towards renewable energy resources demand for new ways to operate transmission and subtransmission grids. Online Feedback Optimization (OFO) is a feedback real-time control method that…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-12-08 Lukas Ortmann , Jean Maeght , Patrick Panciatici , Florian Dörfler , Saverio Bolognani

In this paper we propose an approach based on an Online Feedback Optimization (OFO) controller with grid input-output sensitivity estimation for real-time grid operation, e.g., at subsecond time scales. The OFO controller uses grid…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2022-05-17 Miguel Picallo , Lukas Ortmann , Saverio Bolognani , Florian Dörfler

Distribution grid flexibility is discussed as a possible measure in curative system operation, yielding a need for an efficient and robust coordination mechanism for the joint flexibility provision by individual units to the transmission…

Due to more volatile generation, flexibility will become more important in transmission grids. One potential source of this flexibility can be distribution grids. A flexibility request from the transmission grid to a distribution grid then…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-03-05 Lukas Ortmann , Fabian Böhm , Florian Klein-Helmkamp , Andreas Ulbig , Saverio Bolognani , Florian Dörfler

Online feedback optimization (OFO) is an emerging control methodology for real-time optimal steady-state control of complex dynamical systems. This tutorial focuses on the application of OFO for the autonomous operation of large-scale…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2023-10-25 Giuseppe Belgioioso , Saverio Bolognani , Giulia Pejrani , Florian Dörfler

The rise in residential photovoltaics and other distributed energy sources poses unprecedented challenges for the operation of power distribution grids. When high amounts of active power are injected into the grid by such power sources, the…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-03-01 Jonas G. Matt , Lukas Ortmann , Saverio Bolognani , Florian Dörfler

In several applications of online optimization to networked systems such as power grids and robotic networks, information about the system model and its disturbances is not generally available. Within the optimization community, increasing…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2025-09-01 Caio Kalil Lauand , Andrey Bernstein

We investigate the real-time voltage regulation problem in distribution systems employing online feedback optimization (OFO) with short-range communication between physical neighbours. OFO does not need an accurate grid model nor estimated…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-07-16 Sen Zhan , Nikolaos G. Paterakis , Wouter van den Akker , Anne van der Molen , Johan Morren , Han Slootweg

Modern societies crucially depend on the robust supply with electric energy. Blackouts of power grids can thus have far reaching consequences. During a blackout, often the failure of a single infrastructure, such as a critical transmission…

适应与自组织系统 · 物理学 2019-07-10 Martin Rohden , Dirk Witthaut , Marc Timme , Hildegard Meyer-Ortmanns

Online Feedback Optimization (OFO) controllers iteratively drive a plant to an optimal operating point that satisfies input and output constraints, relying solely on the input-output sensitivity as model information. This paper introduces…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-09-10 Nicholas Julian Behr , Mattia Bianchi , Keith Moffat , Saverio Bolognani , Florian Dörfler

Utilizing distribution grid flexibility for ancillary services requires the coordination and dispatch of requested active and reactive power to a large number of distributed energy resources in underlying grid layers. This paper presents an…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-03-18 Florian Klein-Helmkamp , Irina Zettl , Florian Schmidtke , Lukas Ortmann , Andreas Ulbig

The integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) into sub-transmission systems has enabled new opportunities for flexibility provision in ancillary services such as frequency and voltage support, as well as congestion management. This…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-06-17 Florian Klein-Helmkamp , Tina Möllemann , Irina Zettl , Andreas Ulbig

Online Feedback Optimization (OFO) is a control approach to drive a dynamical plant to an optimal steady state. By interconnecting optimization algorithms with real-time plant measurements, OFO provides all the benefits of feedback control,…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2025-07-14 Mattia Bianchi , Florian Dörfler

The growing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is increasing peak demand in distribution systems, which can threaten grid stability and reduce operational efficiency. Dynamic electricity pricing is a promising means of mitigating these…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-05-27 Jiarui Yu , Zhiyu He , Wenbin Wang , Colin N. Jones , Florian Dörfler , Hanmin Cai

Power systems are increasingly operated in corrective rather than preventive security mode, which means that appropriate control actions must be taken immediately after a contingency has occurred. This paper proposes an online algorithm for…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2018-02-21 Nicolo Mazzi , Baosen Zhang , Daniel S. Kirschen

Online Feedback Optimization (OFO) controllers steer a system to its optimal operating point by treating optimization algorithms as auxiliary dynamic systems. Implementation of OFO controllers requires setting the parameters of the…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-03-12 Marta Zagorowska , Lukas Ortmann , Alisa Rupenyan , Mehmet Mercangoez , Lars Imsland

This paper develops a persistently exciting input generating Online Feedback Optimization (OFO) controller that estimates the sensitivity of a process ensuring minimal deviations from the descent direction while converging. This eliminates…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-05-27 Tore Gude , Marta Anna Zagorowska , Lars Struen Imsland
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