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Background: Pneumothorax is an acute thoracic disease caused by abnormal air collection between the lungs and chest wall. To address the opaqueness often associated with deep learning (DL) models, explainable artificial intelligence (XAI)…

Computer vision has shown promising results in medical image processing. Pneumothorax is a deadly condition and if not diagnosed and treated at time then it causes death. It can be diagnosed with chest X-ray images. We need an expert and…

Medical imaging plays an important role in the medical sector in identifying diseases. X-ray, computed tomography (CT) scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are a few examples of medical imaging. Most of the time, these imaging…

Although deep learning models like CNNs have achieved great success in medical image analysis, the small size of medical datasets remains a major bottleneck in this area. To address this problem, researchers have started looking for…

Limited expert time is a key bottleneck in medical imaging. Due to advances in image classification, AI can now serve as decision-support for medical experts, with the potential for great gains in radiologist productivity and, by extension,…

Developing AI models that are useful in clinical practice, requires efficient collaboration between clinicians and AI developers. This poses a practical challenge: clinicians must repeatedly communicate and refine their requirements with AI…

Recent studies show that deep learning models achieve good performance on medical imaging tasks such as diagnosis prediction. Among the models, multimodality has been an emerging trend, integrating different forms of data such as chest…

Many visualizations have been developed for explainable AI (XAI), but they often require further reasoning by users to interpret. Investigating XAI for high-stakes medical diagnosis, we propose improving domain alignment with diagrammatic…

Deep neural networks (DNN) have achieved unprecedented performance in computer-vision tasks almost ubiquitously in business, technology, and science. While substantial efforts are made to engineer highly accurate architectures and provide…

The implementation of medical AI has always been a problem. The effect of traditional perceptual AI algorithm in medical image processing needs to be improved. Here we propose a method of knowledge AI, which is a combination of perceptual…

Despite the growing interest in human-AI decision making, experimental studies with domain experts remain rare, largely due to the complexity of working with domain experts and the challenges in setting up realistic experiments. In this…

The clinical adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in medical diagnostics is critically hampered by its black-box nature, which prevents clinicians from verifying the rationale behind automated decisions. To overcome this fundamental…

Each year, over 2.5 million people, most of them in developed countries, die from pneumonia [1]. Since many studies have proved pneumonia is successfully treatable when timely and correctly diagnosed, many of diagnosis aids have been…

Machine learning enables the extraction of useful information from large, diverse datasets. However, despite many successful applications, machine learning continues to suffer from performance and transparency issues. These challenges can…

The rapid emergence of highly adaptable and reusable artificial intelligence (AI) models is set to revolutionize the medical field, particularly in the diagnosis and management of Parkinson's disease (PD). Currently, there are no effective…

Despite the promises of data-driven artificial intelligence (AI), little is known about how we can bridge the gulf between traditional physician-driven diagnosis and a plausible future of medicine automated by AI. Specifically, how can we…

The field of medical imaging is an essential aspect of the medical sciences, involving various forms of radiation to capture images of the internal tissues and organs of the body. These images provide vital information for clinical…

Remarkable success of modern image-based AI methods and the resulting interest in their applications in critical decision-making processes has led to a surge in efforts to make such intelligent systems transparent and explainable. The need…

Deep learning integration into medical imaging systems has transformed disease detection and diagnosis processes with a focus on pneumonia identification. The study introduces an intricate deep learning system using Convolutional Neural…

Among various medical imaging tools, chest radiographs are the most important and widely used diagnostic tool for detection of thoracic pathologies. Research is being carried out in order to propose robust automatic diagnostic tool for…