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Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) is a development approach aiming to build correct-by-construction systems, provided the use of clear, unambiguous and complete models to describe them along the design process. The approach is…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2021-11-22 I Dragomir , M Bozga , Iulian Ober , D Silveira , T Jorge , E Alaña , M Perrotin

Non-parametric two-sample tests (TSTs) that judge whether two sets of samples are drawn from the same distribution, have been widely used in the analysis of critical data. People tend to employ TSTs as trusted basic tools and rarely have…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-20 Xilie Xu , Jingfeng Zhang , Feng Liu , Masashi Sugiyama , Mohan Kankanhalli

AI pentesting agents are increasingly credible as offensive security systems, but current benchmarks still provide limited guidance on which will perform best in real-world targets. Existing evaluation protocols assess and optimize for…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Pedro Conde , Henrique Branquinho , Valerio Mazzone , Bruno Mendes , André Baptista , Nuno Moniz

State estimators often provide self-assessed uncertainty metrics, such as covariance matrices, whose credibility is critical for downstream tasks. However, these self-assessments can be misleading due to underlying modeling violations like…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-04-02 Penggao Yan , Xingqun Zhan , Rui Sun , Li-Ta Hsu

In some problem spaces, the high cost of obtaining ground truth labels necessitates use of lower quality reference datasets. It is difficult to benchmark model performance using these datasets, as evaluation results may be biased. We…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-09-24 Robert J. Joyce , Edward Raff , Charles Nicholas

Model checking of real-time systems has evolved throughout the years. Recently, the model checker Ecdar, using timed I/O automata, was used to perform compositional verification. However, in order to fully integrate model checking of…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2018-09-12 Tobias R. Gundersen , Florian Lorber , Ulrik Nyman , Christian Ovesen

Test coverage is a standard measure used to evaluate the completeness of a test suite. Coverage is typically computed on source code, by assessing the extent of source code entities (e.g., statements, data dependencies, control…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2021-08-19 Davide Corradini , Amedeo Zampieri , Michele Pasqua , Mariano Ceccato

Recently, a growing body of research has focused on either optimizing CTR model architectures to better model feature interactions or refining training objectives to aid parameter learning, thereby achieving better predictive performance.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Moyu Zhang , Yun Chen , Yujun Jin , Jinxin Hu , Yu Zhang , Xiaoyi Zeng

Existing performance measures rank delineation algorithms inconsistently, which makes it difficult to decide which one is best in any given situation. We show that these inconsistencies stem from design flaws that make the metrics…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-12-02 Leonardo Citraro , Mateusz Koziński , Pascal Fua

Writing good software tests can be challenging, therefore approaches that support developers are desirable. While generating complete tests automatically is such an approach commonly proposed in research, developers may already have…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-04-30 Severin Primbs , Benedikt Fein , Gordon Fraser

Devising domain- and model-agnostic evaluation metrics for generative models is an important and as yet unresolved problem. Most existing metrics, which were tailored solely to the image synthesis setup, exhibit a limited capacity for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-07-14 Ahmed M. Alaa , Boris van Breugel , Evgeny Saveliev , Mihaela van der Schaar

Quantifying robustness in a single measure for the purposes of model selection, development of adversarial training methods, and anticipating trends has so far been elusive. The simplest metric to consider is the number of trainable…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-25 David Khachaturov , Robert Mullins

Measuring the performance of text recognition and text line detection engines is an important step to objectively compare systems and their configuration. There exist well-established measures for both tasks separately. However, there is no…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-08-27 Gundram Leifert , Roger Labahn , Tobias Grüning , Svenja Leifert

A natural method to evaluate the effectiveness of a testing technique is to measure the defect detection rate when applying the created test cases. Here, real or artificial software defects can be injected into the source code of software.…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2020-01-28 Miroslav Bures , Pavel Herout , Bestoun S. Ahmed

In text documents such as news articles, the content and key events usually revolve around a subset of all the entities mentioned in a document. These entities, often deemed as salient entities, provide useful cues of the aboutness of a…

Automatic evaluation of ST systems is typically performed by comparing translation hypotheses with one or more reference translations. While effective to some extent, this approach inherits the limitation of reference-based evaluation that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Mauro Cettolo , Marco Gaido , Matteo Negri , Sara Papi , Luisa Bentivogli

Ranked decision systems -- recommenders, ad auctions, clinical triage queues -- must decide when to intervene in ranked outputs and when to abstain. We study when confidence-based abstention monotonically improves decision quality, and when…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-11 Ronald Doku

This paper introduces a Fault Diagnosis (Detection, Isolation, and Estimation) method using Set-Membership Estimation (SME) designed for a class of nonlinear systems that are linear to the fault parameters. The methodology advances fault…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-11-06 A. Tsolakis , L. Ferranti , V. Reppa

Mutation analysis has long been used in classical software testing and has recently been adopted for assessing the robustness of quantum software testing techniques. However, existing studies assume ideal, noiseless execution, overlooking…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Sophie Fortz , Eñaut Mendiluze Usandizaga , Shaukat Ali , Paolo Arcaini , Mohammad Reza Mousavi

Instead of testing solely a precise hypothesis, it is often useful to enlarge it with alternatives that are deemed to differ from it negligibly. For instance, in a bioequivalence study one might consider the hypothesis that the…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2024-03-12 Rodrigo F. L. Lassance , Rafael Izbicki , Rafael B. Stern