相关论文: Power-law Spectrum of Energetic Particles in Class…

Particles with energies below the mean energy $E_0$ in relativistic shocked plasmas should assume an equilibrium energy distribution. This leads to a synchrotron spectrum $F_\nu \propto \nu^{1/3}$ up to approximately the critical frequency…

The adiabatic invariance of the magnetic moment during particle motion is of fundamental importance to the dynamics of magnetized plasma. The related rate of pitch angle scattering is investigated here for fast particles that thermally…

The dissipation of turbulent magnetic fields is an appealing scenario to explain the origin of non-thermal particles in high-energy astrophysical sources. However, it has been suggested that the particle distribution may effectively…

The Boltzmann-Gibbs density, a central result of equilibrium statistical mechanics, relates the energy of a system in contact with a thermal bath to its equilibrium statistics. This relation is lost for non-thermal systems such as cold…

In energetic nonthermal sources such as gamma-ray bursts, AGN or galactic jet sources, etc., one expects both relativistic and transrelativistic shocks acompanied by violent motions of moderately relativistic plasma. We present general…

Nature's most powerful high-energy sources are capable of accelerating particles to high energy and radiate it away on extremely short timescales, even shorter than the light crossing time of the system. It is yet unclear what physical…

The theory of diffusive acceleration of energetic particles at shock fronts assumes charged particles undergo spatial diffusion in a uniform magnetic field. If, however, the magnetic field is not uniform, but has a stochastic or braided…

Consider the linear Boltzmann equation of radiative transfer in a half-space, with constant scattering coefficient $\sigma$. Assume that, on the boundary of the half-space, the radiation intensity satisfies the Lambert (i.e. diffuse)…

We determine the spectrum of particles accelerated at shocks with arbitrary speed and arbitrary scattering properties for different choices of the equation of state of the downstream plasma. More specifically we consider the effect of…

Power-law distributions are a near universal feature of energetic particle spectra in the heliosphere. Anomalous Cosmic Rays (ACRs), super-Alfv\'enic ions in the solar wind and the hardest energetic electron spectra in flares all have…

Under the steady state condition, the spectrum of electrons is investigated by solving the continuity equation under the complex radiation of both the synchrotron and Compton processes. The resulted GRB spectrum is a broken power law in…

We have examined cutoffs and pile-ups due to various processes in the spectra of particles produced by shock acceleration, and found that, even in the absence of energy losses, the shape of the spectrum of accelerated particles at energies…

We implement a general numerical calculation that allows for a direct comparison between nonlinear Hamiltonian dynamics and the Boltzmann-Gibbs canonical distribution in Gibbs $\Gamma$-space. Using paradigmatic first-neighbor models,…

A charged particle traversing a plasma loses its energy to both plasma electrons and ions. We compute the energy partition, the fractions $E_e/E_0$ and $E_\smI/E_0$ of the initial energy $E_0$ of this `impurity particle' that are deposited…

In this work, we study the electromagnetic energy and energy rate spectra produced by a point particle in the presence of plane wave fields. Our approach is based on a semiclassical formulation, in which the current distribution that…

We derive an analytic expression for the energy spectrum of gravitational waves from a parabolic Keplerian binary by taking the limit of the Peters and Matthews spectrum for eccentric orbits. This demonstrates that the location of the peak…

Here we investigate some aspects of stochastic acceleration of ultrarelativistic electrons by magnetic turbulence. In particular, we discuss the steady-state energy spectra of particles undergoing momentum diffusion due to resonant…

Deviations from kinetic equilibrium of massive particles caused by the universe expansion are calculated analytically in the Boltzmann approximation. For the case of an energy independent amplitude of elastic scattering, an exact partial…

In this paper, the effect of finite electron temperature on the space-time evolution and breaking of a large amplitude relativistically intense electron plasma wave has been studied, using a 1-D relativistic Particle-in-Cell (PIC) code. We…

The problem of anomalous diffusion in momentum space is considered for plasma-like systems on the basis of a new collision integral, which is appropriate for consideration of the probability transition function (PTF) with long tails in…