相关论文: Arrow Spaces: An Approach to Inner Product Spaces …

In this article, we discuss the equality of two inner products on a vector space. Particularly, we look at some geometric properties that are given to a vector space by an inner product namely, length and angle, and we ask under what…

We suggest a concept of generalized `angles' in arbitrary real normed vector spaces. We give for each real number a definition of an `angle' by means of the shape of the unit ball. They all yield the well known Euclidean angle in the…

An introductory overview of vector spaces, algebras, and linear geometries over an arbitrary commutative field is given. Quotient spaces are emphasized and used in constructing the exterior and the symmetric algebras of a vector space.…

One distinguishing feature of rational curves is that they have algebraic parameterizations. Arc spaces are a way of describing approximations to parameterizations of all curves in some fixed space. Playing on these descriptions, this paper…

The Grassmannian of affine subspaces is a natural generalization of both the Euclidean space, points being zero-dimensional affine subspaces, and the usual Grassmannian, linear subspaces being special cases of affine subspaces. We show…

A vector space is commonly defined as a set that satisfies several conditions related to addition and scalar multiplication. However, for beginners, it may be hard to immediately grasp the essence of these conditions. There are probably a…

In this paper we present the set of intervals as a normed vector space. We define also a four-dimensional associative algebra whose product gives the product of intervals in any cases. This approach allows to give a notion of divisibility…

This paper is devoted to a new approach of the arithmetic of intervals. We present the set of intervals as a normed vector space. We define also a four-dimensional associative algebra whose product gives the product of intervals in any…

We introduce the notion of a "graded topological space": a topological space endowed with a sheaf of abelian groups which we think of as a sheaf of gradings. Any object living on a graded topological space will be graded by this sheaf of…

We consider a generalized angle in complex normed vector spaces. Its definition corresponds to the definition of the well known Euclidean angle in real inner product spaces. Not surprisingly it yields complex values as `angles'. This…

A new approach is suggested to the problem of quantising causal sets, or topologies, or other such models for space-time (or space). The starting point is the observation that entities of this type can be regarded as objects in a category…

The arrow graph of a function consists of two parallel axes, with arrows from input values to output values. The lines through these arrows envelop a curve which we named the focal curve. This paper studies these focal curves in detail. We…

In this note, we find a sharp bound for the minimal number (or in general, indexing set) of subspaces of a fixed (finite) codimension needed to cover any vector space V over any field. If V is a finite set, this is related to the problem of…

A finite set X in the Euclidean space is called an s-inner product set if the set of the usual inner products of any two distinct points in X has size s. First, we give a special upper bound for the cardinality of an s-inner product set on…

``An orbifold is a space which is locally modeled on the quotient of a vector space by a finite group.'' This sentence is so easily said or written that more than one person has missed some of the subtleties hidden by orbifolds. Orbifolds…

We describe how self-adjoint ordered operator spaces, also called non-unital operator systems in the literature, can be understood as $*$-vector spaces equipped with a matrix gauge structure. We explain how this perspective has several…

We introduce the notion of order projections using the order unit property of a positive element in an order unit space and characterize them in terms of (geometric) orthogonality. We describe order projections of the order unit space…

In this paper we will first introduce the notion of affine structures on a ringed space and then obtain several properties. Affine structures on a ringed space, arising mainly from complex analytical spaces of algebraic schemes over number…

I extend the framework of rigid analytic geometry to the setting of algebraic geometry relative to monoids, and study the associated notions of separated, proper, and overconvergent morphisms. The category of affine manifolds embeds as a…

In a previous work, "pure data" is proposed as an axiomatic foundation for mathematics and computing, based on "finite sequence" as the foundational concept rather than based on logic or type. Within this framework, objects with…