相关论文: Weighted Mean Difference Statistics for Paired Dat…

Matched case-control studies are commonly employed in epidemiological research for their convenience and efficiency. Analysis of secondary outcomes can yield valuable insights into biological pathways and help identify genetic variants of…

Positivity violations, which occur when some subgroups either always or never receive a treatment of interest, pose significant challenges for causal effect estimation with observational data. Recent balancing weight methods have proved to…

We study weighted M-estimators for $\mathbb{R}^d$-valued clustered data and give sufficient conditions for their consistency. Their asymptotic normality is established with estimation of the asymptotic covariance matrix. We address the…

A class of nonparametric two-sample tests has been proposed in this article. As a generalization of the original \v{S}id\'aks' test, the proposed test statistic is developed as the sum of the maximal precedence and maximal exceedance…

The problem of choosing appropriate values for missing data is often encountered in the data science. We describe a novel method containing both traditional mathematics and machine learning elements for prediction (imputation) of missing…

When outcomes are missing for reasons beyond an investigator's control, there are two different ways to adjust a parameter estimate for covariates that may be related both to the outcome and to missingness. One approach is to model the…

Clinical prediction models must be developed using sufficiently large datasets to minimise overfitting and ensure robust predictive performance. Existing sample size calculations assume complete predictor data for all included participants,…

We propose a general approach to construct weighted likelihood estimating equations with the aim of obtaining robust parameter estimates. We modify the standard likelihood equations by incorporating a weight that reflects the statistical…

Causal inference starts with a simple idea: compare groups that differ by treatment, not much else. Traditionally, similar groups are constructed using only observed covariates; however, it remains a long-standing challenge to incorporate…

We introduce a novel class of Bayesian mixtures for normal linear regression models which incorporates a further Gaussian random component for the distribution of the predictor variables. The proposed cluster-weighted model aims to…

Fitting mixed models to complex survey data is a challenging problem. Most methods in the literature, including the most widely used one, require a close relationship between the model structure and the survey design. In this paper we…

We extend conformal prediction methodology beyond the case of exchangeable data. In particular, we show that a weighted version of conformal prediction can be used to compute distribution-free prediction intervals for problems in which the…

The weighted kappa coefficient of a binary diagnostic test is a measure of the beyond-chance agreement between the diagnostic test and the gold standard, and depends on the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic test, on the disease…

Collection of genotype data in case-control genetic association studies may often be incomplete for reasons related to genes themselves. This non-ignorable missingness structure, if not appropriately accounted for, can result in…

Scholars frequently use covariate balance tests to test the validity of natural experiments and related designs. Unfortunately, when measured covariates are unrelated to potential outcomes, balance is uninformative about key identification…

Two-phase sampling designs are frequently employed in epidemiological studies and large-scale health surveys. In such designs, certain variables are exclusively collected within a second-phase random subsample of the initial first-phase…

For testing the statistical significance of a treatment effect, we usually compare between two parts of a population, one is exposed to the treatment, and the other is not exposed to it. Standard parametric and nonparametric two-sample…

Multivariate density estimation is a popular technique in statistics with wide applications including regression models allowing for heteroskedasticity in conditional variances. The estimation problems become more challenging when…

Complete randomization allows for consistent estimation of the average treatment effect based on the difference in means of the outcomes without strong modeling assumptions on the outcome-generating process. Appropriate use of the…

In complex survey data, each sampled observation has assigned a sampling weight, indicating the number of units that it represents in the population. Whether sampling weights should or not be considered in the estimation process of model…