相关论文: Exact expression for average kinetic energy of 2-d…
Multiple pendulums are investigated numerically and analytically to clarify the nonuniformity of average kinetic energies of particles. The nonuniformity is attributed to the system having constraints and it is consistent with the…
We propose a planar chain system, which is a simple mechanical system with a constraint. It is composed of $N$ masses connected by $N-1$ light links. It can be considered as a model of a chain system, e.g., a polymer, in which each bond is…
It is common to study polymer physics through the use of idealized single-chain models, and the most popular of these is the freely jointed chain model. In certain thermodynamic ensembles, statistical mechanical treatment of this model is…
The freely jointed chain is often applied to model the thermodynamics of single polymer chains, but the traditional formulation of the model lacks internal energy changes due to bond stretching. For this reason, the extensible freely…
In this study, one-dimensional systems of masses connected by springs, i.e., spring-chain systems, are investigated numerically. The average kinetic energy of chain-end particles of these systems is larger than that of other particles,…
The average kinetic energy is widely used to characterize temperature in molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. In this letter, the applicability of three types of average kinetic energy as measures of temperature is investigated, i.e., the…
Understanding and computing the entropic forces exerted by polymer chains under confinement is important for many reasons, from research to applications. However, extracting properties related to the free energy, such as the force (or…
The dynamics of active particles is of interest at many levels and is the focus of theoretical and experimental research. There have been many attempts to describe the dynamics of particles affected by random active forces in terms of an…
All current formulations of nonequilibrium thermodynamics of open chemical reaction networks rely on the assumption of non-interacting species. We develop a general theory which accounts for interactions between chemical species within a…
We consider random walk model of a semi-flexible polymer chain on a square and a cubic lattice to enumerate conformations of the polymer chain in two and three dimensions, respectively. The bending energy of the chain is assumed as the key…
The Bogoliubov theory of a uniform weakly-nonideal Bose-Einstein condensate leads to a divergent expression for the kinetic energy of atoms. However, the latter can be determined provided that the dependence of the scattering length on…
A central endeavor of thermodynamics is the measurement of free energy changes. Regrettably, although we can measure the free energy of a system in thermodynamic equilibrium, typically all we can say about the free energy of a…
A dilute gas of hard disks confined between two straight parallel lines is considered. The distance between the two boundaries is in between one and two particle diameters, so that the system is quasi-one-dimensional. A Boltzmann-like…
A collisional model of a confined quasi-two-dimensional granular mixture is considered to analyze homogeneous steady states. The model includes an effective mechanism to transfer the kinetic energy injected by vibration in the vertical…
The equipartition theorem states that in equilibrium thermal energy is equally distributed among uncoupled degrees of freedom which appear quadratically in the system's Hamiltonian. However, for spatially coupled degrees of freedom --- such…
We study the statistical properties of the variation of the kinetic energy of a spherical Brownian particle that freely moves in an incompressible fluid at constant temperature. Based on the underdamped version of the generalized Langevin…
An adiabatic transition between two equilibrium states corresponding to different stiffnesses in an infinite chain of particles is studied. Initially, the chain particles have random displacements and random velocities corresponding to a…
We study the statistics of the kinetic (or equivalently potential) energy for $N$ non-interacting fermions in a $1d$ harmonic trap of frequency $\omega$, at finite temperature $T$. Remarkably, we find an exact solution for the full…
In the derivation of the thermodynamics of overdamped systems, one ignores the kinetic energy contribution, since the velocity is a slow variable. In this paper, we show that the kinetic energy needs to be present in the calculation of the…
In this paper, we consider Euler-like balance laws for mixture components that involve macroscopic velocities and temperatures for each different species. These laws are not conservative due to mutual interaction between species. In…