相关论文: Reaching out a "geometrical" description for spin-…

The present work introduces a master action that interpolates between four self-dual models, $SD(i)$, for describing massive spin-4 particles in $D=2+1$ dimensions. These models are designated by $i=1,2,3$ and $4$, representing the order in…

There are three self-dual models of massive particles of helicity +2 (or -2) in $D=2+1$. Each model is of first, second, and third-order in derivatives. Here we derive a new self-dual model of fourth-order, $\cL {SD}^{(4)}$, which follows…

We present here a relationship among massive self-dual models for spin-3 particles in $D=2+1$ via the Noether Gauge Embedment $(NGE)$ procedure. Starting with a first order model (in derivatives) $S_{SD(1)}$ we have obtained a sequence of…

We suggest a new spin-4 self-dual model (parity singlet) and a new spin-4 parity doublet in $D=2+1$. They are of higher order in derivatives and are described by a totally symmetric rank-4 tensor without extra auxiliary fields. Despite the…

We present here a relationship among massive self-dual models for spin-3 particles in $D=2+1$ via the master action procedure. Starting with a first order model (in derivatives) $S_{SD(1)}$ we have constructed a master action which…

In this work we provide a triple master action interpolating among three self-dual descriptions of massive spin-3/2 particles in $D=2+1$ dimensions. Such result generalizes a master action previously suggested in the literature. We also…

Here we perform a Kaluza-Klein dimensional reduction of Vasiliev's first-order description of massless spin-s particles from $D=3+1$ to $D=2+1$ and derive first-order self-dual models describing particles with helicities $\pm s$ for the…

In the first part of this work we show the decoupling (up to contact terms) of redundant degrees of freedom which appear in the covariant description of spin two massive particles in $D=2+1$. We make use of a master action which…

The fourth order in derivatives New Massive Gravity model NMG, describes a massive spin-2 particle in $D=2+1$. At the linearized level a proof of unitarity necessarily implies that the generalization to higher dimensions includes…

It is known that the Maxwell theory in $D$ dimensions can be written in a first order form (in derivatives) by introducing a totally antisymmetric field which leads to a $(D-3)$-form dual theory. Remarkably, one can replace the…

Ordering of the Heisenberg spin glass in four dimensions (4D) with the nearest-neighbor Gaussian coupling is investigated by equilibrium Monte Carlo simulations, with particular attention to its spin and chiral orderings. It is found that…

In this paper, we fill some gap in the existing literature on higher spins by presenting an explicit solution to the on-shell constraints for a frame-like, gauge invariant description of massive, higher spin fields in d=4. We begin with the…

We present a new duality between the F-terms of supersymmetric field theories defined in two- and four-dimensions respectively. The duality relates N=2 supersymmetric gauge theories in four dimensions, deformed by an Omega-background in one…

The distinct models that describe spin 1 and 2 massive excitations in 2+1 dimensions are analized, showing their equivalence (between models of same spin) and analogies (between models of different spin). Topics as spontaneous symmetry…

Recent work has proven that training large language models with self-supervised tasks and fine-tuning these models to complete new tasks in a transfer learning setting is a powerful idea, enabling the creation of models with many…

We prove a duality, recently conjectured in arXiv:1103.5726, which relates the F-terms of supersymmetric gauge theories defined in two and four dimensions respectively. The proof proceeds by a saddle point analysis of the four-dimensional…

In $D=2+1$ dimensions, elementary particles of a given helicity can be described by local Lagrangians (parity singlets). By means of a "soldering" procedure two opposite helicities can be joined together and give rise to massive spin-$s$…

Motivated by the theory of bi-singular pseudodifferential operators, we introduce a two dimensional version of the Adler-Manin trace. Our construction is rather general in the sense that it involves a twist afforded by an algebra…

The Maxwell theory can be written as a first order model with the help of a two-form auxiliary field, such master action allows the proof of duality between $1$-form and $D-3$ forms. Here we show that the replacement of the two-form…

We introduce a class of higher-order derivative models in (2,1) space-time dimensions. The models are described by a vector field, and contain a Proca-like mass term which prevents gauge invariance. We use the gauge embedding procedure to…