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The distance eigenvalues of a connected graph $G$ are the eigenvalues of its distance matrix $D(G)$. A graph is called distance integral if all of its distance eigenvalues are integers. Let $n \geq 3$ be an integer. The crown graph $Cr(n)$…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-10-23 S. Morteza Mirafzal

Let $D(G)=(d_{ij})_{n\times n}$ denote the distance matrix of a connected graph $G$ with order $n$, where $d_{ij}$ is equal to the distance between vertices $v_{i}$ and $v_{j}$ in $G$. A graph is called distance integral if all eigenvalues…

组合数学 · 数学 2015-11-17 Ruosong Yang , Ligong Wang

A design graph is a regular bipartite graph in which any two distinct vertices of the same part have the same number of common neighbors. This class of graphs have a close relationship to strongly regular graphs. In this paper, we study the…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-01-19 S. Morteza Mirafzal

Let $G$ be a connected graph on $n$ vertices and let $D(G)$ and $D^{L}(G)$ be the distance and the distance Laplacian matrices associated with $G$. A graph $G$ is said to be $D$-integral (resp. $D^L$-integral) if all eigenvalues of $D(G)$…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-03-10 S. Pirzada , Ummer Mushtaq , Leonardo de Lima

The distance energy of a graph $G$ is a recently developed energy-type invariant, defined as the sum of absolute values of the eigenvalues of the distance matrix of $G$. There was a vast research for the pairs and families of non-cospectral…

组合数学 · 数学 2011-04-07 Aleksandar Ili\' c

Let $G$ be a connected simple graph with $n$ vertices. The distance Laplacian matrix $D^{L}(G)$ is defined as $D^L(G)=Diag(Tr)-D(G)$, where $Diag(Tr)$ is the diagonal matrix of vertex transmissions and $D(G)$ is the distance matrix of $G$.…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-02-18 Saleem Khan , S. Pirzada

A distance graph is an undirected graph on the integers where two integers are adjacent if their difference is in a prescribed distance set. The independence ratio of a distance graph $G$ is the maximum density of an independent set in $G$.…

A vertex $v$ of a connected graph $G$ is said to be a boundary vertex of $G$ if for some other vertex $u$ of $G$, no neighbor of $v$ is further away from $u$ than $v$. The boundary $\partial(G)$ of $G$ is the set of all of its boundary…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-06-04 José Cáceres , Ignacio M. Pelayo

Given a set D of positive integers, the associated distance graph on the integers is the graph with the integers as vertices and an edge between distinct vertices if their difference lies in D. We investigate the chromatic numbers of…

组合数学 · 数学 2007-05-23 Glenn G. Chappell

The distance matrix of a graph $G$ is the matrix containing the pairwise distances between vertices. The distance eigenvalues of $G$ are the eigenvalues of its distance matrix and they form the distance spectrum of $G$. We determine the…

For a connected graph $G$ of order $n$, let $Diag(Tr)$ be the diagonal matrix of vertex transmissions and $D(G)$ be the distance matrix of $G$. The distance Laplacian matrix of $G$ is defined as $D^L(G)=Diag(Tr)-D(G)$ and the eigenvalues of…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-02-15 S. Pirzada , Saleem Khan

Let $G$ be a connected graph on $n$ vertices, and let $D(G)$ be the distance matrix of $G$. Let $\partial_1(G)\ge\partial_2(G)\ge\cdots\ge\partial_n(G)$ denote the eigenvalues of $D(G)$. In this paper, we characterize all connected graphs…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-08-29 Xueyi Huang , Qiongxiang Huang , Lu Lu

Let G be a graph on n vertices. The Laplacian matrix of G, denoted by L(G), is defined as L(G) = D(G) - A(G), where A(G) is the adjacency matrix of G and D(G) is the diagonal matrix of the vertex degrees of G. A graph G is said to be…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-09-28 Anderson Fernandes Novanta , Carla S. Oliveira , Leonardo S. de Lima

For a connected graph $G$, we present the concept of a new graph matrix related to its distance and Seidel matrix, called distance Seidel matrix $\mathcal{D}^S(G)$. Suppose that the eigenvalues of $\mathcal{D}^S(G)$ be $\partial_{1}^{S}(G)…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-05-06 Haritha T , Chithra A.

The $\lambda$-core vertices of a graph correspond to the non-zero entries of some eigenvector of $\lambda$ for a universal adjacency matrix $\mathbf{U}$ of the graph. We define a partition of the vertex set $V$ based on the $\lambda$-core…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-03-02 Xandru Mifsud

The distance matrix of a connected graph is the symmetric matrix with columns and rows indexed by the vertices and entries that are the pairwise distances between the corresponding vertices. We give a construction for graphs which differ in…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-06-23 Kristin Heysse

The distance matrix of a connected graph is defined as the matrix in which the entries are the pairwise distances between vertices. The distance spectrum of a graph is the set of eigenvalues of its distance matrix. A graph is said to be…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-01-10 Anuj Sakarda , Jerry Tan , Armaan Tipirneni

A graph G is said to be M-integral (resp. A-integral, D-integral, DL-integral or DQ-integral) if all eigenvalues of its matrix M (resp. adjacency matrix A(G), distance matrix D(G), distance Laplacian matrix DL(G) or distance signless…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-01-11 Yirui Chai , Ligong Wang , Yuwei Zhou

Let $G$ be a connected graph with vertex set $V(G)$. The distance, $d_G(u,v)$, between vertices $u$ and $v$ in $G$ is defined as the length of a shortest path between $u$ and $v$ in $G$. The distance matrix of $G$ is the matrix…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-12-30 Haiyan Guo , Bo Zhou

A vertex $v$ of a connected graph $G$ is said to be a boundary vertex of $G$ if for some other vertex $u$ of $G$, no neighbor of $v$ is further away from $u$ than $v$. The boundary $\partial(G)$ of $G$ is the set of all of its boundary…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-12-30 José Cáceres , Ignacio M. Pelayo
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