中文
相关论文

相关论文: Informational entropy thresholds as a physical mec…

200 篇论文

We consider the entropy of sums of independent discrete random variables, in analogy with Shannon's Entropy Power Inequality, where equality holds for normals. In our case, infinite divisibility suggests that equality should hold for…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2010-10-21 Oliver Johnson , Yaming Yu

I present a new approach for the interpretation of reaction time (RT) data from behavioral experiments. From a physical perspective, the entropy of the RT distribution provides a model-free estimate of the amount of processing performed by…

神经元与认知 · 定量生物学 2009-08-24 Fermín Moscoso del Prado Martín

A discrete-time random process is described which can generate bursty sequences of events. A Bernoulli process, where the probability of an event occurring at time $t$ is given by a fixed probability $x$, is modified to include a memory…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2015-07-29 Ewan R. Colman , Danica Vukadinović Greetham

This paper consists of two parts. In the first part, we develop a new information theory, in which it is not a coincidence that information and physical entropy share the same mathematical formula. It is an adaptation of mind to help search…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2007-07-13 Jing Chen

We explore the relation between entanglement entropy of quantum many body systems and the distribution of corresponding, properly selected, observables. Such a relation is necessary to actually measure the entanglement entropy. We show that…

统计力学 · 物理学 2009-11-11 Israel Klich , Gil Refael , Alessandro Silva

To make informed decisions in natural environments that change over time, humans must update their beliefs as new observations are gathered. Studies exploring human inference as a dynamical process that unfolds in time have focused on…

神经元与认知 · 定量生物学 2022-03-03 Arthur Prat-Carrabin , Robert C. Wilson , Jonathan D. Cohen , Rava Azeredo da Silveira

We develop information theory for the temporal behavior of memoryful agents moving through complex -- structured, stochastic -- environments. We introduce and explore information processes -- stochastic processes produced by cognitive…

统计力学 · 物理学 2025-08-04 James P. Crutchfield , Alexandra Jurgens

Human decision-making underlies all economic behavior. For the past four decades, human decision-making under uncertainty has continued to be explained by theoretical models based on prospect theory, a framework that was awarded the Nobel…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-06-21 David D. Bourgin , Joshua C. Peterson , Daniel Reichman , Thomas L. Griffiths , Stuart J. Russell

Semantic memory is the subsystem of human memory that stores knowledge of concepts or meanings, as opposed to life specific experiences. The organization of concepts within semantic memory can be understood as a semantic network, where the…

We theoretically investigate how information flows when two particles interact with each other. Understanding the physical mechanisms of directional information flow is crucial for advancing information thermodynamics and stochastic…

统计力学 · 物理学 2026-03-12 Tenta Tani

Over the past two decades, numerous studies have demonstrated how less predictable (i.e., higher surprisal) words take more time to read. In general, these studies have implicitly assumed the reading process is purely responsive: Readers…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-17 Tiago Pimentel , Clara Meister , Ethan G. Wilcox , Roger Levy , Ryan Cotterell

We study individual decision-making behavioral on generic view. Using a formal mathematical model, we investigate the action mechanism of decision behavioral under subjective perception changing of task attributes. Our model is built on…

综合经济学 · 经济学 2018-09-14 Xingguang Chen

Discovering causal direction from temporal observational data is particularly challenging for symbolic sequences, where functional models and noise assumptions are often unavailable. We propose a novel \emph{Dictionary Based Pattern Entropy…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-03-06 Harikrishnan N B , Shubham Bhilare , Aditi Kathpalia , Nithin Nagaraj

Tasks that require information about the world imply a trade-off between the time spent on observation and the variance of the response. In particular, fast decisions need to rely on uncertain information. However, standard estimates of…

神经元与认知 · 定量生物学 2023-07-18 Sahel Azizpour , Viola Priesemann , Johannes Zierenberg , Anna Levina

I introduce a new approach to semantic information based upon the influence of erasure operations (interventions) upon distributions of a system's future trajectories through its phase space. Semantic (meaningful) information is…

统计力学 · 物理学 2024-07-11 Stuart J Bartlett

The idea is advanced that self-organization in complex systems can be treated as decision making (as it is performed by humans) and, vice versa, decision making is nothing but a kind of self-organization in the decision maker nervous…

适应与自组织系统 · 物理学 2014-08-08 V. I. Yukalov , D. Sornette

A measure called Physical Complexity is established and calculated for a population of sequences, based on statistical physics, automata theory, and information theory. It is a measure of the quantity of information in an organism's genome.…

生物物理 · 物理学 2011-12-02 Gerard Briscoe , Philippe De Wilde

The nervous system represents time-dependent signals in sequences of discrete action potentials or spikes, all spikes are identical so that information is carried only in the spike arrival times. We show how to quantify this information, in…

凝聚态物理 · 物理学 2008-02-03 S. P. Strong , Roland Koberle , Rob R. de Ruyter van Steveninck , William Bialek

In this letter we propose the use of physics techniques for entropy determination on constrained parameter optimization problems. The main feature of such techniques, the construction of an unbiased walk on energy space, suggests their use…

统计力学 · 物理学 2009-11-07 A. R. Lima , M. Argollo de Menezes

This article is a presentation of specific recent results describing scaling limits of individual-based models. Thanks to them, we wish to relate the time-scales typical of demographic dynamics and natural selection to the parameters of the…

概率论 · 数学 2023-08-01 Aurélien Velleret