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Combining classical optimization with parameterized quantum circuit evaluation, variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) are among the most promising algorithms in near-term quantum computing. Similar to neural networks (NNs), VQAs iteratively…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-11-18 Zhehao Yi , Yanying Liang , Haozhen Situ

Optimisation via parameterised quantum circuits is the prevalent technique of near-term quantum algorithms. However, the omnipresent phenomenon of barren plateaus - parameter regions with vanishing gradients - sets a persistent hurdle that…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-04-20 Lennart Binkowski , Gereon Koßmann , Tobias J. Osborne , René Schwonnek , Timo Ziegler

Hybrid quantum-classical variational algorithms are one of the most propitious implementations of quantum computing on near-term devices, offering classical machine learning support to quantum scale solution spaces. However, numerous…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-07-28 Taylor L. Patti , Khadijeh Najafi , Xun Gao , Susanne F. Yelin

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have enabled a wide range of applications on near-term quantum devices. However, their scalability is fundamentally limited by barren plateaus, where the probability of encountering large gradients…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-07-22 Elias Zapusek , Ivan Rojkov , Florentin Reiter

The barren plateau phenomenon, characterized by loss gradients that vanish exponentially with system size, poses a challenge to scaling variational quantum algorithms. Here we explore the potential of warm starts, whereby one initializes…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-03-04 Ricard Puig , Marc Drudis , Supanut Thanasilp , Zoë Holmes

As more practical and scalable quantum computers emerge, much attention has been focused on realizing quantum supremacy in machine learning. Existing quantum ML methods either (1) embed a classical model into a target Hamiltonian to enable…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-10-05 Zhihao Zhang , Zhuoming Chen , Heyang Huang , Zhihao Jia

A new paradigm for data science has emerged, with quantum data, quantum models, and quantum computational devices. This field, called Quantum Machine Learning (QML), aims to achieve a speedup over traditional machine learning for data…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-05-24 Supanut Thanasilp , Samson Wang , Nhat A. Nghiem , Patrick J. Coles , M. Cerezo

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) are widely applied in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era and are expected to demonstrate quantum advantage. However, training VQAs faces difficulties, one of which is the so-called barren plateaus…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-02-07 Huan-Yu Liu , Tai-Ping Sun , Yu-Chun Wu , Yong-Jian Han , Guo-Ping Guo

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) are expected to establish valuable applications on near-term quantum computers. However, recent works have pointed out that the performance of VQAs greatly relies on the expressibility of the ansatzes…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-08-15 Xia Liu , Geng Liu , Jiaxin Huang , Hao-Kai Zhang , Xin Wang

This paper presents an easy-to-implement approach to mitigate the challenges posed by barren plateaus (BPs) in randomly initialized parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) within variational quantum algorithms (VQAs). Recent state-of-the-art…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-12-10 Muhammad Kashif , Muhammad Shafique

Several architectures have been proposed for quantum neural networks (QNNs), with the goal of efficiently performing machine learning tasks on quantum data. Rigorous scaling results are urgently needed for specific QNN constructions to…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-06-13 Kunal Sharma , M. Cerezo , Lukasz Cincio , Patrick J. Coles

Variational Quantum Algorithms have emerged as a leading paradigm for near-term quantum computation. In such algorithms, a parameterized quantum circuit is controlled via a classical optimization method that seeks to minimize a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-10-19 Javier Rivera-Dean , Patrick Huembeli , Antonio Acín , Joseph Bowles

The emergence of the Barren Plateau phenomenon poses a significant challenge to quantum machine learning. While most Barren Plateau analyses focus on single-qubit rotation gates, the gradient behavior of Parameterized Quantum Circuits built…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-02-06 Yuhan Yao , Yoshihiko Hasegawa

Optimization is ubiquitous in quantum information science and technology, however, the corresponding optimization landscape can encounter false traps, i.e., local but not global optima, likely to prevent used optimizers from finding optimal…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-03-06 Xiaozhen Ge , Shuming Cheng , Guofeng Zhang , Re-Bing Wu

Training deep quantum neural networks (QNNs) for image classification is notoriously difficult due to vanishing gradients (barren plateaus) and limited nonlinearity in purely unitary circuits. We propose a novel gradient-free…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-05-09 Yichen Xie

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) hold great potentials for near-term applications and are promising to achieve quantum advantage on practical tasks. However, VQAs suffer from severe barren plateau problem as well as have a large…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-09-27 Shuo Liu , Shi-Xin Zhang , Shao-Kai Jian , Hong Yao

Current differentiable renderers provide light transport gradients with respect to arbitrary scene parameters. However, the mere existence of these gradients does not guarantee useful update steps in an optimization. Instead, inverse…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-03-29 Michael Fischer , Tobias Ritschel

The existence of "barren plateau landscapes" for generic discrete variable quantum neural networks, which obstructs efficient gradient-based optimization of cost functions defined by global measurements, would be surprising in the case of…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-06-08 T. J. Volkoff

Variational quantum circuits have recently gained much interest due to their relevance in real-world applications, such as combinatorial optimizations, quantum simulations, and modeling a probability distribution. Despite their huge…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-03-11 Chae-Yeun Park , Minhyeok Kang , Joonsuk Huh

Parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) are crucial for quantum machine learning and circuit synthesis, enabling the practical implementation of complex quantum tasks. However, PQC learning has been largely confined to classical optimization…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-10-01 Keren Li , Yuanfeng Wang , Pan Gao , Shenggen Zheng