相关论文: A Tale of Two Actions: A Variational Principle for…

Starting with a manifestly conformal ($O(d,2)$ invariant) mechanics model in $d$ space and 2 time dimensions, we derive the action for a massless spinning particle in $d$-dimensional anti-de Sitter space. The action obtained possesses both…

The recently developed framework for quantum theory with no global causal order allows for quantum processes in which operations in local laboratories are neither causally ordered nor in a probabilistic mixture of definite causal orders.…

This paper concerns the assessment of the effects of actions from a combination of nonexperimental data and causal assumptions encoded in the form of a directed acyclic graph in which some variables are presumed to be unobserved. We provide…

Algorithms are proposed for the computation of set-valued quantiles and the values of the lower cone distribution function for bivariate data sets. These new objects make data analysis possible involving an order relation for the data…

The variational principle for a spherical configuration consisting of a thin spherical dust shell in gravitational field is constructed. The principle is consistent with the boundary-value problem of the corresponding Euler-Lagrange…

We review some techniques from non-linear analysis in order to investigate critical paths for the action functional in the calculus of variations applied to physics. Previous attempts to analyse when these are minima ex- ist, but mainly…

We develop in this paper some general techniques to analyze action sets of small doubling for probability measure-preserving actions of amenable groups. As an application of these techniques, we prove a dynamical generalization of Kneser's…

Causal set non-local wave operators allow both for the definition of an action for Causal set theory and the study of deviations from local physics that may have interesting phenomenological consequences. It was previously shown that, in…

We describe a new form of retrocausality, which is found in the behaviour of a class of causal set theories, called energetic causal sets (ECS). These are discrete sets of events, connected by causal relations. They have three orders: (1) a…

Our main interest here is to analyze the gauge invariance issue concerning the noncommutative relativistic particle. Since the analysis of the constraint set from Dirac's point of view classifies it as a second-class system, it is not a…

We write down a general action principle for spinning strings in 2+1 dimensional space-time without introducing Grassmann variables. The action is written solely in terms of coordinates taking values in the 2+1 Poincare group, and it has…

There are several indications (from different approaches) that Spacetime at the Plank Scale could be discrete. One approach to Quantum Gravity that takes this most seriously is the Causal Sets Approach. In this approach spacetime is…

The Poincare invariant coupled-channel formalism for two-particle systems interacting via one-particle exchange, which has been developed and applied to vector mesons in Ref. [1] is applied to axial vector mesons. We thereby extend the…

Most traditional models of uncertainty have focused on the associational relationship among variables as captured by conditional dependence. In order to successfully manage intelligent systems for decision making, however, we must be able…

The inaccessibility of controlled randomized trials due to inherent constraints in many fields of science has been a fundamental issue in causal inference. In this paper, we focus on distinguishing the cause from effect in the bivariate…

Moving beyond the dualistic view in AI where agent and environment are separated incurs new challenges for decision making, as calculation of expected utility is no longer straightforward. The non-dualistic decision theory literature is…

We investigate a Lorentz invariant action which is quadratic in two rank-2 symmetric tensor fields in Minkowski spacetime. We apply a scalar-vector-tensor decomposition to two tensor fields by virtue of 3-dimensional rotation-invariance of…

In this paper we consider the scalar sector of Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau theory in the framework of Epstein-Glaser causal method. We calculate the lowest order distributions for Compton scattering, vacuum polarization, self-energy and vertex…

In the univariate case, we show that by comparing the individual complexities of univariate cause and effect, one can identify the cause and the effect, without considering their interaction at all. In our framework, complexities are…

We provide Vasiliev's fully nonlinear equations of motion for bosonic gauge fields in four spacetime dimensions with an action principle. We first extend Vasiliev's original system with differential forms in degrees higher than one. We then…