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Recently, subgraphs-enhanced Graph Neural Networks (SGNNs) have been introduced to enhance the expressive power of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), which was proved to be not higher than the 1-dimensional Weisfeiler-Leman isomorphism test. The…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-01-20 Michele Guerra , Indro Spinelli , Simone Scardapane , Filippo Maria Bianchi

Graph neural networks (GNNs) excel at predictive tasks on graph-structured data but often lack the ability to incorporate symbolic domain knowledge and perform general reasoning. Relational Bayesian Networks (RBNs), in contrast, enable…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-30 Raffaele Pojer , Andrea Passerini , Kim G. Larsen , Manfred Jaeger

Recent years have seen the vast potential of Graph Neural Networks (GNN) in many fields where data is structured as graphs (e.g., chemistry, recommender systems). In particular, GNNs are becoming increasingly popular in the field of…

We study and compare different Graph Neural Network extensions that increase the expressive power of GNNs beyond the Weisfeiler-Leman test. We focus on (i) GNNs based on higher order WL methods, (ii) GNNs that preprocess small substructures…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-02-01 Pál András Papp , Roger Wattenhofer

Network data can be conveniently modeled as a graph signal, where data values are assigned to nodes of a graph that describes the underlying network topology. Successful learning from network data is built upon methods that effectively…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-05-26 Fernando Gama , Elvin Isufi , Geert Leus , Alejandro Ribeiro

Recently, many works studied the expressive power of graph neural networks (GNNs) by linking it to the $1$-dimensional Weisfeiler--Leman algorithm ($1\text{-}\mathsf{WL}$). Here, the $1\text{-}\mathsf{WL}$ is a well-studied heuristic for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-31 Christopher Morris , Floris Geerts , Jan Tönshoff , Martin Grohe

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are an emerging model for learning graph embeddings and making predictions on graph structured data. However, robustness of graph neural networks is not yet well-understood. In this work, we focus on node…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-12-24 James Fox , Sivasankaran Rajamanickam

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as a powerful category of learning architecture for handling graph-structured data. However, existing GNNs typically ignore crucial structural characteristics in node-induced subgraphs, which thus…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-13 Kaixuan Chen , Shunyu Liu , Tongtian Zhu , Tongya Zheng , Haofei Zhang , Zunlei Feng , Jingwen Ye , Mingli Song

Various recent proposals increase the distinguishing power of Graph Neural Networks GNNs by propagating features between $k$-tuples of vertices. The distinguishing power of these "higher-order'' GNNs is known to be bounded by the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-06-15 Pablo Barceló , Floris Geerts , Juan Reutter , Maksimilian Ryschkov

We perform the first adversarial robustness study into Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) that are provably more powerful than traditional Message Passing Neural Networks (MPNNs). In particular, we use adversarial robustness as a tool to uncover…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-04 Francesco Campi , Lukas Gosch , Tom Wollschläger , Yan Scholten , Stephan Günnemann

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), despite achieving remarkable performance across different tasks, are theoretically bounded by the 1-Weisfeiler-Lehman test, resulting in limitations in terms of graph expressivity. Even though prior works on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-02 Quang Truong , Peter Chin

Graphs play an important role in many applications. Recently, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved promising results in graph analysis tasks. Some state-of-the-art GNN models have been proposed, e.g., Graph Convolutional Networks…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-09-29 Yaoman Li , Irwin King

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are a powerful representational tool for solving problems on graph-structured inputs. In almost all cases so far, however, they have been applied to directly recovering a final solution from raw inputs, without…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-01-16 Petar Veličković , Rex Ying , Matilde Padovano , Raia Hadsell , Charles Blundell

Robustness in complex systems is of significant engineering and economic importance. However, conventional attack-based a posteriori robustness assessments incur prohibitive computational overhead. Recently, deep learning methods, such as…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-29 Chengyu Tian , Wenbin Pei

Graph neural networks are prominent models for representation learning over graph-structured data. While the capabilities and limitations of these models are well-understood for simple graphs, our understanding remains incomplete in the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-27 Xingyue Huang , Miguel Romero Orth , İsmail İlkan Ceylan , Pablo Barceló

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are powerful tools for developing scalable, decentralized artificial intelligence in large-scale networked systems, such as wireless networks, power grids, and transportation networks. Currently, GNNs in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-10 Rostyslav Olshevskyi , Zhongyuan Zhao , Kevin Chan , Gunjan Verma , Ananthram Swami , Santiago Segarra

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in learning from graph-structured data, often outperforming traditional Multilayer Perceptrons (MLPs) in numerous graph-based tasks. Although existing works have…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-09 Wei Huang , Yuan Cao , Haonan Wang , Xin Cao , Taiji Suzuki

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved great success on a node classification task. Despite the broad interest in developing and evaluating GNNs, they have been assessed with limited benchmark datasets. As a result, the existing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-12-29 Seiji Maekawa , Koki Noda , Yuya Sasaki , Makoto Onizuka

The expressive power of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) is often analysed via correspondence to the Weisfeiler-Leman (WL) algorithm and fragments of first-order logic. Standard GNNs are limited to performing aggregation over immediate…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-23 Huan Luo , Jonni Virtema

Rethink convolution-based graph neural networks (GNN) -- they characteristically suffer from limited expressiveness, over-smoothing, and over-squashing, and require specialized sparse kernels for efficient computation. Here, we design a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-01 Yuanqing Wang , Kyunghyun Cho