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In the framework of Cramer's probabilistic model of primes, we explore the exact and asymptotic distributions of maximal prime gaps. We show that the Gumbel extreme value distribution exp(-exp(-x)) is the limit law for maximal gaps between…

数论 · 数学 2014-09-30 Alexei Kourbatov

The method of optimizing entropy is used to (i) conduct Asymptotic Hypothesis Testing and (ii) determine the particle distribution for which Entropy is maximized. This paper focuses on two related applications of Information Theory:…

统计理论 · 数学 2016-03-09 Khizar Qureshi

Importance sampling approximates expectations with respect to a target measure by using samples from a proposal measure. The performance of the method over large classes of test functions depends heavily on the closeness between both…

统计计算 · 统计学 2016-09-01 Daniel Sanz-Alonso

Within the setting of rare event modelling, the method of level sets allows us to define an equivalence relation over rare events with distinct rates of entropy production. This method allows us to clarify the relation between the empirical…

综合数学 · 数学 2025-05-13 Aidan Rocke

Statistical modeling of multivariate and spatial extreme events has attracted broad attention in various areas of science. Max-stable distributions and processes are the natural class of models for this purpose, and many parametric families…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2017-08-09 Clement Dombry , Sebastian Engelke , Marco Oesting

Extreme value theory has constructed asymptotic properties of the sample maximum. This study concerns probability distribution estimation of the sample maximum. The traditional approach is parametric fitting to the limiting distribution --…

统计理论 · 数学 2024-07-19 Taku Moriyama

We study maximum-entropy inference for finite-dimensional quantum states under linear moment constraints. Given expectation values of finitely many observables, the feasible set of states is convex but typically non-unique. The…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-10-27 James Tian

In this paper, we consider projection estimates for L\'evy densities in high-frequency setup. We give a unified treatment for different sets of basis functions and focus on the asymptotic properties of the maximal deviation distribution for…

概率论 · 数学 2016-01-18 Valentin Konakov , Vladimir Panov

Word embeddings provide point representations of words containing useful semantic information. We introduce multimodal word distributions formed from Gaussian mixtures, for multiple word meanings, entailment, and rich uncertainty…

机器学习 · 统计学 2019-09-10 Ben Athiwaratkun , Andrew Gordon Wilson

Let $X$ be a real $(\beta=1)$ or complex $(\beta=2)$ Ginibre ensemble. Let $\{\sigma_i\}_{1\le i\le n}$ be the eigenvalues of $X,$ and $Z_n$ be some rescaled version of $\max_i \Re \sigma_i.$ It was proved that $Z_n$ converges weakly to the…

概率论 · 数学 2025-09-08 Xinchen Hu , Yutao Ma

This paper is a review of a particular approach to the method of maximum entropy as a general framework for inference. The discussion emphasizes the pragmatic elements in the derivation. An epistemic notion of information is defined in…

数据分析、统计与概率 · 物理学 2021-08-04 Ariel Caticha

We deal with a generalized statistical description of nonequilibrium complex systems based on least biased distributions given some prior information. A maximum entropy principle is introduced that allows for the determination of the…

统计力学 · 物理学 2009-11-13 Erik Van der Straeten , Christian Beck

We propose a number of concepts and properties related to `weighted' statistical inference where the observed data are classified in accordance with a `value' of a sample string. The motivation comes from the concepts of weighted…

统计理论 · 数学 2024-07-31 Mark Kelbert , Yuri Suhov

The quantum relative entropy is a measure of the distinguishability of two quantum states, and it is a unifying concept in quantum information theory: many information measures such as entropy, conditional entropy, mutual information, and…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-04-01 Mark M. Wilde

The statistical distribution of the largest value drawn from a sample of a given size has only three possible shapes: it is either a Weibull, a Fr\'echet or a Gumbel extreme value distributions. I describe in this short review how to relate…

统计力学 · 物理学 2020-09-22 Alex Hansen

We address the estimation of quantiles from heavy-tailed distributions when functional covariate information is available and in the case where the order of the quantile converges to one as the sample size increases. Such "extreme"…

统计理论 · 数学 2011-04-04 L. Gardes , S. Girard , A. Lekina

Although some information-theoretic measures of uncertainty or granularity have been proposed in rough set theory, these measures are only dependent on the underlying partition and the cardinality of the universe, independent of the lower…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2011-02-02 Ping Zhu , Qiaoyan Wen

The asymptotic correspondence between the probability mass function of the $q$-deformed multinomial distribution and the $q$-generalised Kullback-Leibler divergence, also known as Tsallis relative entropy, is established. The probability…

统计力学 · 物理学 2025-03-10 Keisuke Okamura

We investigate extreme value theory for physical systems with a global conservation law which describe renewal processes, mass transport models and long-range interacting spin models. As shown previously, a special feature is that the…

统计力学 · 物理学 2020-11-04 Marc Höll , Wanli Wang , Eli Barkai

This paper derives bounds for two omnipresent information theoretic measures, the Shannon entropy and its complementary dual, the extropy. Based on a large size data set from a logconcave model, the said bounds are obtained for the entropy…

统计理论 · 数学 2025-07-21 Konstantinos Zografos