相关论文: Experimental evidence of symmetry breaking of tran…

Microscopic mechanisms of natural processes are frequently understood in terms of random walk models by analyzing local particle transitions. This is because these models properly account for dynamic processes at the molecular level and…

We investigate path-wise observables in experiments on driven colloids in a periodic light field to dissect selected intricate transport features, kinetics, and transition-path time statistics out of thermodynamic equilibrium. These…

In one-dimensional random walks, the waiting time for each direction transitions is the same, even in the presence of bias, as a consequence of the microscopic-reversibility. We study the symmetry breaking of forward/ backward transition…

Transition paths are rare events occurring when a system, thanks to the effect of fluctuations, crosses successfully from one stable state to another by surmounting an energy barrier. Even though they are of great significance in many…

Biomolecular folding, at least in simple systems, can be described as a two state transition in a free energy landscape with two deep wells separated by a high barrier. Transition paths are the short part of the trajectories that cross the…

We investigate the dynamics of Brownian particles in internal state- dependent symmetric and periodic potentials. Although no space or time symmetry of the Hamiltonian is broken, we show that directed transport can appear. We demonstrate…

Biomolecular conformational transitions are usually modeled as barrier crossings in a free energy landscape. The transition paths connect two local free energy minima and transition path times (TPT) are the actual durations of the crossing…

Protein folding processes are generally described statistically with the help of multidimensional free energy landscape, typically reduced to a 1-D free energy profile along good reaction co-ordinate. There are many physical parameters…

DNA migration in topologically structured microchannels with periodic cavities is investigated experimentally and with Brownian dynamics simulations of a simple bead-spring model. The results are in very good agreement with one another. In…

Spontaneous symmetry breaking is a fundamental concept in many areas of physics, ranging from cosmology and particle physics to condensed matter. A prime example is the breaking of spatial translation symmetry, which underlies the formation…

We study spontaneous symmetry breaking in a one-dimensional driven two-species stochastic cellular automaton with parallel sublattice update and open boundaries. The dynamics are symmetric with respect to interchange of particles. Starting…

Crossing symmetry asserts that particles are indistinguishable from anti-particles traveling back in time. In quantum field theory, this statement translates to the long-standing conjecture that probabilities for observing the two scenarios…

Transport properties of particles and waves in spatially periodic structures that are driven by external time-dependent forces manifestly depend on the space-time symmetries of the corresponding equations of motion. A systematic analysis of…

We study the Caldeira-Leggett model where a quantum Brownian particle interacts with an environment or a bath consisting of a collection of harmonic oscillators in the path integral formalism. Compared to the contours that the paths take in…

Spontaneous symmetry-breaking in phase transitions occurs when the system Hamiltonian is symmetric under a certain transformation, but the equilibrium states observed in nature are not. Here, we prove that when a discrete symmetry is…

Spontaneous time-reversal symmetry breaking in superconductors with competing non-degenerate pairing channels is an exotic quantum phase transition that could give rise to robust topological superconductivity and unusual magnetism. It is…

We study the transition in conductance properties of chaotic mesoscopic cavities as time-reversal symmetry is broken. We consider the Brownian motion model for transmission eigenvalues for both types of transitions, viz., orthogonal-unitary…

We explore the distribution of paths followed in fluctuation-induced switching between coexisting stable states. We introduce a quantitative characteristic of the path distribution in phase space that does not require a priori knowledge of…

Discrete time-crystals are periodically driven quantum many-body systems with broken discrete-time translational symmetry, a non-equilibrium steady state representing self-organization of motion of quantum particles. Observations of…

Recent single molecule experiments probing the passage process of a short single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) through a membrane channel (translocation) allow to measure the passage time distribution. Building on a recent modelling approach (D. K.…