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For a simple graph $F$, let $\mathrm{Ex}(n, F)$ and $\mathrm{Ex_{sp}}(n,F)$ denote the set of graphs with the maximum number of edges and the set of graphs with the maximum spectral radius in an $n$-vertex graph without any copy of the…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-03-22 Jing Wang , Liying Kang , Yusai Xue

The Turan number of a graph H, ex(n,H), is the maximum number of edges in a graph on n vertices which does not have H as a subgraph. We determine the Turan number and find the unique extremal graph for forests consisting of paths when n is…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-04-17 Bernard Lidický , Hong Liu , Cory Palmer

Given a fixed graph H, we say that a graph G is H-free if G does not contain H as a subgraph. The Tur\'an number ex(n, H) of H is the maximum number of edges in an n-vertex H-free graph. The study of Tur\'an number of graphs is a central…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-10-02 Stefan Gobej

Let $\mathcal{F}$ be a family of $r$-uniform hypergraphs. The random Tur\'an number $\mathrm{ex}(G^r_{n,p},\mathcal{F})$ is the maximum number of edges in an $\mathcal{F}$-free subgraph of $G^r_{n,p}$, where $G^r_{n,p}$ is the…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-02-21 Jiaxi Nie

A classical object in hypergraph Tur\'{a}n theory is the Fano plane $\mathbb{F}$, the unique linear $3$-graph on seven vertices with seven edges. The Tur\'{a}n density and exact Tur\'{a}n number of $\mathbb{F}$, first proposed as a problem…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-07-17 Jianfeng Hou , Xizhi Liu , Yixiao Zhang

We determine the maximum number of edges of an $n$-vertex graph $G$ with the property that none of its $r$-cliques intersects a fixed set $M\subset V(G)$. For $(r-1)|M|\ge n$, the $(r-1)$-partite Turan graph turns out to be the unique…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-07-31 Peter Allen , Julia Böttcher , Jan Hladký , Diana Piguet

Generalizing Tur\'an's classical extremal problem, Alon and Shikhelman investigated the problem of maximizing the number of $T$ copies in an $H$-free graph, for a pair of graphs $T$ and $H$. Whereas Alon and Shikhelman were primarily…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-06-22 Ervin Győri , Nika Salia , Casey Tompkins , Oscar Zamora

The page number of a directed acyclic graph $G$ is the minimum $k$ for which there is a topological ordering of $G$ and a $k$-coloring of the edges such that no two edges of the same color cross, i.e., have alternating endpoints along the…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-05-10 Paul Jungeblut , Laura Merker , Torsten Ueckerdt

Let $C^{2k}_r$ be the $2k$-uniform hypergraph obtained by letting $P_1,...,P_r$ be pairwise disjoint sets of size $k$ and taking as edges all sets $P_i \cup P_j$ with $i \neq j$. This can be thought of as the `$k$-expansion' of the complete…

组合数学 · 数学 2007-05-23 Peter Keevash , Benny Sudakov

Graph theory on surfaces extends classical graph structures to topological surfaces, providing a theoretical foundation for characterizing the embedding properties of complex networks in constrained spaces. The study of bounding the…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-01-26 Mingqing Zhai , Longfei Fang , Huiqiu Lin

For integers $k, \ell \geq 3$, let $\mathrm{ex}(n, \overrightarrow{C_k}, \overrightarrow{C_\ell})$ denote the maximum number of directed cycles of length $k$ in any oriented graph on $n$ vertices which does not contain a directed cycle of…

The fundamental theorem of Tur\'{a}n from Extremal Graph Theory determines the exact bound on the number of edges $t_r(n)$ in an $n$-vertex graph that does not contain a clique of size $r+1$. We establish an interesting link between…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2023-07-17 Fedor V. Fomin , Petr A. Golovach , Danil Sagunov , Kirill Simonov

Let $F$ be a graph with chromatic number $\chi(F) = r+1$. Denote by $ex(n, F)$ and $Ex(n, F)$ the Tur\'{a}n number and the set of all extremal graphs for $F$, respectively. In addition, $ex_{ssp}(n, F)$ and $Ex_{ssp}(n, F)$ are the maximum…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-02-13 Ming-Zhu Chen , Ya-Lei Jin , Peng-Li Zhang , Xiao-Dong Zhang

We show that every $n$-vertex $5$-connected planar triangulation has at most $9n-50$ many cycles of length $5$ for all $n\ge 20$ and this upper bound is tight. We also show that for every $k\geq 6$, there exists some constant $C(k)$ such…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-08-08 Gyaneshwar Agrahari , Xiaonan Liu , Zhiyu Wang

We resolve a conjecture of Cox and Martin by determining asymptotically for every $k\ge 2$ the maximum number of copies of $C_{2k}$ in an $n$-vertex planar graph.

组合数学 · 数学 2022-06-09 Zequn Lv , Ervin Győri , Zhen He , Nika Salia , Casey Tompkins , Xiutao Zhu

Given a family ${\cal F}$ of graphs, and a positive integer $n$, the Tur\'an number $ex(n,{\cal F})$ of ${\cal F}$ is the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex graph that does not contain any member of ${\cal F}$ as a subgraph. The order…

组合数学 · 数学 2015-02-12 Tao Jiang , Andrew Newman

The extremal number $\mathrm{ex}(n,F)$ of a graph $F$ is the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex graph not containing $F$ as a subgraph. A real number $r \in [1,2]$ is realisable if there exists a graph $F$ with $\mathrm{ex}(n , F) =…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-11-19 Dong Yeap Kang , Jaehoon Kim , Hong Liu

The systematic study of Tur\'an-type extremal problems for edge-ordered graphs was initiated by Gerbner et al. arXiv:2001.00849. They conjectured that the extremal functions of edge-ordered forests of order chromatic number 2 are…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-05-18 Gaurav Kucheriya , Gábor Tardos

A $q$-graph $H$ on $n$ vertices is a set of vectors of length $n$ with all entries from $\{0,1,\dots,q\}$ and every vector (that we call a $q$-edge) having exactly two non-zero entries. The support of a $q$-edge $\mathbf{x}$ is the pair…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-05-04 Balázs Patkós , Zsolt Tuza , Máté Vizer

Classical questions in extremal graph theory concern the asymptotics of $\operatorname{ex}(G, \mathcal{H})$ where $\mathcal{H}$ is a fixed family of graphs and $G=G_n$ is taken from a `standard' increasing sequence of host graphs $(G_1,…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-03-07 Joseph Briggs , Christopher Cox