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We identify a structural property of term-rewriting proof systems called operational inexpressibility: no derivation depends on a specified input dimension and also constrains the target question. The canonical instance is direct…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Moses Rahnama

A formula $\phi$ is called \emph{$n$-provable} in a formal arithmetical theory $S$ if $\phi$ is provable in $S$ together with all true arithmetical $\Pi_{n}$-sentences taken as additional axioms. While in general the set of all $n$-provable…

逻辑 · 数学 2019-07-16 Evgeny Kolmakov , Lev Beklemishev

We show that when certain statements are provable in subsystems of constructive analysis using intuitionistic predicate calculus, related sequential statements are provable in weak classical subsystems. In particular, if a $\Pi^1_2$…

逻辑 · 数学 2012-01-25 Jeffry L. Hirst , Carl Mummert

In this note we give a simplified ordinal analysis of first-order reflection. An ordinal notation system $OT$ is introduced based on $\psi$-functions. Provable $\Sigma_{1}$-sentences on $L_{\omega_{1}^{CK}}$ are bounded through…

逻辑 · 数学 2021-07-01 Toshiyasu Arai

This paper discusses limitations of reflexive and diagonal arguments as methods of proof of limitative theorems (e.g. G\"odel's theorem on Entscheidungsproblem, Turing's halting problem or Chaitin-G\"odel's theorem). The fact, that a formal…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2015-03-19 Kajetan Młynarski

Supervised fine-tuning enhances the problem-solving abilities of language models across various mathematical reasoning tasks. To maximize such benefits, existing research focuses on broadening the training set with various data augmentation…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Zhihan Zhang , Tao Ge , Zhenwen Liang , Wenhao Yu , Dian Yu , Mengzhao Jia , Dong Yu , Meng Jiang

We define reflective numbers and their iterative summations. We provide classification of reflective numbers based on their iterative cyclical limits.

数论 · 数学 2022-12-06 Mahmoud Affouf

We employ the theory of canonical extensions to study residuation algebras whose associated relational structures are functional, i.e., for which the ternary relations associated to the expanded operations admit an interpretation as…

逻辑 · 数学 2018-04-24 Wesley Fussner , Alessandra Palmigiano

Harvey Friedman shows that, over Peano Arithmetic, the consistency statement for a finitely axiomatised theory $A$ can be characterised as the weakest statement $C$ over Peano Arithmetic such that ${\sf PA}+C$ interprets $A$. We study which…

逻辑 · 数学 2022-01-26 Albert Visser

We study structural limitations of purely algebraic reasoning in the analysis of arithmetic dynamical systems. Rather than addressing the truth of specific conjectures, we introduce a fragment - relative notion of algebraic refutability for…

综合数学 · 数学 2026-02-09 Madhav Dhiman , Rohan Pandey

We introduce Refinement Reflection, a new framework for building SMT-based deductive verifiers. The key idea is to reflect the code implementing a user-defined function into the function's (output) refinement type. As a consequence, at uses…

In many instances in first order logic or computable algebra, classical theorems show that many problems are undecidable for general structures, but become decidable if some rigidity is imposed on the structure. For example, the set of…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2017-08-08 Emmanuel Jeandel

We present an illative system I_s of classical higher-order logic with subtyping and basic inductive types. The system I_s allows for direct definitions of partial and general recursive functions, and provides means for handling functions…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2013-01-14 Łukasz Czajka

We investigate infinitary wellfounded systems for linear logic with fixed points, with transfinite branching rules indexed by some closure ordinal $\alpha$ for fixed points. Our main result is that provability in the system for some…

逻辑 · 数学 2026-02-24 Anupam Das , Tikhon Pshenitsyn

Ordinary and transfinite recursion and induction and ZF set theory are used to construct from a fully interpreted object language and from an extra formula a new language. It is fully interpreted under a suitably defined interpretation.…

逻辑 · 数学 2017-12-15 Seppo Heikkilä

While self-reflection can enhance language model reliability, its underlying mechanisms remain opaque, with existing analyses often yielding correlation-based insights that fail to generalize. To address this, we introduce…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-09 Tianqiang Yan , Sihan Shang , Yuheng Li , Song Qiu , Hao Peng , Wenjian Luo , Jue Xie , Lizhen Qu , Yuan Gao

This talk is a sneak preview of the project, 'proof theory for theories of ordinals'. Background, aims, survey and furture works on the project are given. Subsystems of second order arithmetic are embedded in recursively large ordinals and…

逻辑 · 数学 2013-04-11 Toshiyasu Arai

We develop a behavioural theory of reflective sequential algorithms (RSAs), i.e. sequential algorithms that can modify their own behaviour. The theory comprises a set of language-independent postulates defining the class of RSAs, an…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2023-01-27 Klaus-Dieter Schewe , Flavio Ferrarotti

We use a second-order analogy $\mathsf{PRA}^2$ of $\mathsf{PRA}$ to investigate the proof-theoretic strength of theorems in countable algebra, analysis, and infinite combinatorics. We compare our results with similar results in the…

We introduce the notion of reflexivity for combinatory algebras. Reflexivity can be thought of as an equational counterpart of the Meyer-Scott axiom of combinatory models, which indeed allows us to characterise an equationally definable…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2022-07-01 Marlou M. Gijzen , Hajime Ishihara , Tatsuji Kawai