相关论文: Sharp threshold phenomena in statistical physics

In this PhD thesis, I investigate the properties of symmetry-breaking dynamical phase transitions that manifest in the fluctuations of time-integrated observables within classical systems. In particular, I analyze how these phase…

We prove that the connectivity of the level sets of a wide class of smooth centred planar Gaussian fields exhibits a phase transition at the zero level that is analogous to the phase transition in Bernoulli percolation. In addition to…

The thresholding of time series of activity or intensity is frequently used to define and differentiate events. This is either implicit, for example due to resolution limits, or explicit, in order to filter certain small scale physics from…

In the present thesis, the author reviews the physics of cosmological first-order phase transitions that may have occured shortly after the Big Bang. Such transitions proceed via the nucleation and expansion of true vacuum bubbles and give…

The phenomenon of quantum number fractionalization is explained. The relevance of non-trivial phonon field topology is emphasized.

In the 6th Int. Symposium on OPSFA there were several communications dealing with concrete applications of orthogonal polynomials to experimental and theoretical physics, chemistry, biology and statistics. Here I make suggestions concerning…

In many complex systems studied in statistical physics, inter-arrival times between events such as solar flares, trades and neuron voltages follow a heavy-tailed distribution. The set of event times is fractal-like, being dense in some time…

These notes were compiled as lecture notes for a course developed and taught at the University of the Southern California. They should be accessible to a typical engineering graduate student with a strong background in Applied Mathematics.…

The soft physics approach to Compton scattering at moderately large momentum transfer is reviewed. It will be argued that in that approach the Compton cross section as well as other exclusive observables exhibit approximate scaling in a…

We give an introductory review of topological strings and their application to various aspects of superstrings and supersymmetric gauge theories. This review includes developing the necessary mathematical background for topological strings,…

Lecture notes from the 2017 Les Houches Summer School on Effective Field Theories. The lectures covered introductory material on EFTs as used in high energy physics to compute experimentally observable quantities. Other lectures at the…

In the present paper, first the mathematical basic properties of the exceptional points are discussed. Then, their role in the description of real physical quantum systems is considered. Most interesting value is the phase rigidity of the…

This note considers the problem of approximating the locations of dominant spikes for a probability measure from noisy spectrum measurements under the condition of residue signal, significant noise level, and no minimum spectrum separation.…

These lecture notes present an overview of equilibrium statistical mechanics of classical fluids, with special applications to the structural and thermodynamic properties of systems made of particles interacting via the hard-sphere…

We consider a continuous time process that is self-exciting and ergodic, called threshold Chan-Karolyi-Longstaff-Sanders (CKLS) process. This process is a generalization of various models in econometrics, such as Vasicek model,…

In this article a non--technical survey is given of the present status of Axiomatic Quantum Field Theory and interesting future directions of this approach are outlined. The topics covered are the universal structure of the local algebras…

Using scanning tunneling spectroscopy in ultra-high vacuum at low temperature (T = 0.3 K) and high magnetic fields (B < 12 T), we directly probe electronic wave functions across an integer quantum Hall transition. In accordance with…

Noise-induced phase transitions are common in various complex systems, from physics to biology. In this article, we investigate the emergence of crucial events in noise-induced phase transition processes and their potential significance for…

If supersymmetry turns out to be a symmetry of nature at low energies, the first order of business to measure the soft breaking parameters. But one will also want to understand the symmetry, and its breaking, more microscopically. Two…

I review the physical properties of different vacua in the background independent open string field theory. Talk presented at Strings 2001, Mumbai, India, http://theory.theory.tifr.res.in/strings/Proceedings/#sha-s.