相关论文: Electrode Reactions in Slowly Relaxing Media
Plasmas in which there is a threshold for a dominant reaction to take place (such as recombination or attachment) will have particle distributions that evolve as the reaction progresses. The form of the Boltzmann collision term in such a…
An alternative scenario for the glass transition based on the cooperative nature of nucleation processes and the role of entropic effects is presented. The new ingredient is to relate the dissipation during the relaxation process to the…
We explore the mechanism responsible for the ergodicity breaking in systems with long-range forces. In thermodynamic limit such systems do not evolve to the Boltzmann-Gibbs equilibrium, but become trapped in an out-of-equilibrium…
Metallic nanoparticles embedded in stimuli-responsive polymers can be regarded as nanoreactors since their catalytic activity can be changed within wide limits: the physicochemical properties of the polymer network can be tuned and switched…
Ultrafast relaxation dynamics of an athermal electron distribution is investigated in silver films using a femtosecond pump-probe technique with 18 fs pulses in off-resonant conditions. The results yield evidence for an increase with time…
Cold atoms in dissipative optical lattices have long been known to exhibit anomalous kinetics due to an effective nonlinear friction force. Here we show that confining the spatial motion of the atoms will lead to an anomalous…
The pattern of radiation energy deposition in substances at the microscopic level of lattice, molecule size, or the cell's nucleus is not uniform. The energy of radiation is transferred to the substance medium in the form of discrete,…
Electron transfer (ET) reactions underpin energy conversion and chemical transformations in both biological and abiological systems. The efficiency of any ET process relies on achieving a desired ET rate within an optimal driving force…
Recent experiments and computer simulations show that supercooled liquids around the glass transition temperature are "dynamically heterogeneous" [1]. Such heterogeneity is expected from the random first order transition theory of the glass…
We propose an analytical model based on diffusion-reaction equation approach for electrochemical electron transfer reaction, where the rate is limited by the electron transfer process. The electron transfer from an ion in solution to the…
Superconductors like other solids cannot relax instantaneously from excited states to thermodynamic equilibrium. In this paper, relaxation from thermal excitations is investigated, like after absorption of radiation or, under conductor…
We investigate the relaxation mechanism of a supercooled tetrahedral liquid at its limit of stability using isothermal isobaric ($NPT$) Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. In similarity with systems which are far from equilibrium but near the…
We study the fusion of a proton with a nucleus with the emission of two photons at low incident energy of the order of eV or smaller. We use a step model for the repulsive potential between proton and the nuclei. We consider the reaction…
Slowing down of the relaxation of the fluctuations around equilibrium is investigated both by stochastic simulations and by analysis of Master equation of reversible reaction networks consisting of resources and the corresponding products…
Electrochemical reactions represent essential processes in fundamental chemistry that foster a wide range of applications. Although most electrochemical reactions in bulk substances can be well described by the classical Marcus-Gerischer…
We derive a quantum master equation for an atom coupled to a heat bath represented by a charged particle many-body environment. In Born-Markov approximation, the influence of the plasma environment on the reduced system is described by the…
The collinear hydrogen exchange reaction is a paradigm system for understanding chemical reactions. It is the simplest imaginable atomic system with $2$ degrees of freedom modeling a chemical reaction, yet it exhibits behaviour that is…
A general approach to calculate the diabatic surfaces for electron-transfer reactions is presented, based on first-principles molecular dynamics of the active centers and their surrounding medium. The excitation energy corresponding to the…
Nanoconfinement generally leads to drastic effect on the physical and chemical properties of ionic liquids. Here we investigate how the electrochemical reactivity in such media may be impacted inside nanoporous carbon electrodes. To this…
Here we investigate some aspects of stochastic acceleration of ultrarelativistic electrons by magnetic turbulence. In particular, we discuss the steady-state energy spectra of particles undergoing momentum diffusion due to resonant…