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We study causal inference in sample selection models where a continuous or multivalued treatment affects both outcome and their observability (eg., employment or survey response). We generalized the widely used Lee (2009)'s bounds for…

计量经济学 · 经济学 2025-10-29 Ying-Ying Lee , Chu-An Liu

The most widely discussed methods for estimating the Average Causal Effect/Average Treatment Effect are those for intervention in discrete binary variables whose value represents intervention/non-intervention groups. On the other hand,…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-03-21 Yoshiaki Kitazawa

The average treatment effect, which is the difference in expectation of the counterfactuals, is probably the most popular target effect in causal inference with binary treatments. However, treatments may have effects beyond the mean, for…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2023-11-02 Diego Martinez-Taboada , Aaditya Ramdas , Edward H. Kennedy

Causal treatment effect estimation is a key problem that arises in a variety of real-world settings, from personalized medicine to governmental policy making. There has been a flurry of recent work in machine learning on estimating causal…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-10-22 Niki Kilbertus , Matt J. Kusner , Ricardo Silva

Regression analyses based on transformations of cumulative incidence functions are often adopted when modeling and testing for treatment effects in clinical trial settings involving competing and semi-competing risks. Common frameworks…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2024-01-11 Alexandra Bühler , Richard J Cook , Jerald F Lawless

When using the propensity score method to estimate the treatment effects, it is important to select the covariates to be included in the propensity score model. The inclusion of covariates unrelated to the outcome in the propensity score…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2024-02-29 Takehiro Shoji , Jun Tsuchida , Hiroshi Yadohisa

In this work, we consider causal inference in various high-dimensional treatment settings, including for single multi-valued treatments and vector treatments with binary or continuous components, when the number of treatments can be…

统计理论 · 数学 2026-02-26 Patrick Kramer , Edward H. Kennedy , Isaac M. Opper

We study treatment-effect estimation using panel data. The treatment may be non-binary, non-absorbing, and the outcome may be affected by treatment lags. We make a parallel-trends assumption, and propose event-study estimators of the effect…

计量经济学 · 经济学 2026-05-13 Clément de Chaisemartin , Xavier D'Haultfœuille

This paper investigates how certain relationship between observed and counterfactual distributions serves as an identifying condition for treatment effects when the treatment is endogenous, and shows that this condition holds in a range of…

计量经济学 · 经济学 2023-11-28 Sukjin Han , Haiqing Xu

In this article, we aim to provide a general and complete understanding of semi-supervised (SS) causal inference for treatment effects. Specifically, we consider two such estimands: (a) the average treatment effect and (b) the quantile…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2024-08-15 Abhishek Chakrabortty , Guorong Dai

Causal inference has numerous real-world applications in many domains, such as health care, marketing, political science, and online advertising. Treatment effect estimation, a fundamental problem in causal inference, has been extensively…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-03 Zhixuan Chu , Jianmin Huang , Ruopeng Li , Wei Chu , Sheng Li

We propose a new estimator for average causal effects of a binary treatment with panel data in settings with general treatment patterns. Our approach augments the popular two-way-fixed-effects specification with unit-specific weights that…

计量经济学 · 经济学 2024-03-06 Dmitry Arkhangelsky , Guido W. Imbens , Lihua Lei , Xiaoman Luo

Applied work often studies the effect of a binary variable ("treatment") using linear models with additive effects. I study the interpretation of the OLS estimands in such models when treatment effects are heterogeneous. I show that the…

计量经济学 · 经济学 2020-05-21 Tymon Słoczyński

The average treatment effect (ATE) is commonly used to quantify the main effect of a binary treatment on an outcome. Extensions to continuous treatments are usually based on the dose-response curve or shift interventions, but both require…

统计理论 · 数学 2026-03-02 Oliver J. Hines , Karla Diaz-Ordaz , Stijn Vansteelandt

In this paper, we introduce a unified estimator to analyze various treatment effects in causal inference, including but not limited to the average treatment effect (ATE) and the quantile treatment effect (QTE). The proposed estimator is…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2025-03-31 Kuan-Hsun Wu , Li-Pang Chen

We study the problem of treatment effect estimation in randomized experiments with high-dimensional covariate information, and show that essentially any risk-consistent regression adjustment can be used to obtain efficient estimates of the…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2022-06-08 Stefan Wager , Wenfei Du , Jonathan Taylor , Robert Tibshirani

We study the identification and estimation of long-term treatment effects when both experimental and observational data are available. Since the long-term outcome is observed only after a long delay, it is not measured in the experimental…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2024-09-04 Guido Imbens , Nathan Kallus , Xiaojie Mao , Yuhao Wang

Estimation and inference of treatment effects under unconfounded treatment assignments often suffer from bias and the `curse of dimensionality' due to the nonparametric estimation of nuisance parameters for high-dimensional confounders.…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2025-07-08 Zeqi Wu , Meilin Wang , Wei Huang , Zheng Zhang

We investigate the optimal design of experimental studies that have pre-treatment outcome data available. The average treatment effect is estimated as the difference between the weighted average outcomes of the treated and control units. A…

Causal inference, estimating causal effects from observational data, is a fundamental tool in many disciplines. Of particular importance across a variety of domains is the continuous treatment setting, where the variable of intervention has…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Christopher Stith , Medha Barath , Vahid Balazadeh , Jesse C. Cresswell , Rahul G. Krishnan