相关论文: Low fertility rate reversal: a feature of interact…
We present the B-band Tully-Fisher relation (TFR) of 60 late-type galaxies with redshifts 0.1-1. The galaxies were selected from the FORS Deep Field with a limiting magnitude of R=23. Spatially resolved rotation curves were derived from…
This paper describes a fundamental and empirically conspicuous problem inherent to surveys of human feelings and opinions in which subjective responses are elicited on numerical scales. The paper also proposes a solution. The problem is a…
The drift-barrier hypothesis states that random genetic drift constrains the refinement of a phenotype under natural selection. The influence of effective population size and the genome-wide deleterious mutation rate were studied…
Macroeconomic theories of growth and wealth distribution have an outsized influence on national and international social and economic policies. Yet, due to a relative lack of reliable, system wide data, many such theories remain, at best,…
The dynamics of fractional population sizes y_i=Y_i/N in homogeneous compartment models with time dependent total population N is analyzed. Assuming constant per capita birth and death rates the vector field Y_i'=V_i(Y) naturally projects…
A novel fertility model based on Thom's nonlinear differential equations of morphogenesis is presented, utilizing a three-dimensional catastrophe surface to capture the interaction between latent non-catastrophic fertility factors and…
We analyze changes in the reproduction number, R, of COVID-19 in response to public health interventions. Our results indicate that public health measures undertaken in China reduced R from 1.5 in January to 0.4 in mid-March 2020. They also…
A robust multilevel functional data method is proposed to forecast age-specific mortality rate and life expectancy for two or more populations in developed countries with high-quality vital registration systems. It uses a robust multilevel…
The Women's Health Initiative randomized clinical trial of hormone therapy found no benefit of hormones in preventive cardiovascular disease, a finding in striking contrast with a large body of observational research. Understanding whether…
The major study by Bordo and Helbing (2003) analyses the business cycle in Western economies 1881-2001. They examine four distinct periods in economic history, and conclude that there is a secular trend towards greater synchronisation for…
From time to time, and quite more frequently in recent years, claims appear favoring a variable Initial Mass Function (IMF), one way or another, either in time or space. In this chapter we add our two pennies of wisdom, illustrating how the…
The prevalence of sexual reproduction ("sex") in eukaryotes is an enigma of evolutionary biology. Sex increases genetic variation only tells its long-term superiority in essence. The accumulation of harmful mutations causes an immediate and…
We set out to solve a dual puzzle regarding reproductive strategies: The "Ancient vs. Modern" Puzzle (why pre-modern elites adopted a "Survival" strategy while modern elites adopt an "Anxiety" strategy) and the "Class Divide" Puzzle (why…
Drawing on a large database of publicly announced R&D alliances, we empirically investigate the evolution of R&D networks and the process of alliance formation in several manufacturing sectors over a 24-year period (1986-2009). Our goal is…
We present a meta-analysis of star-formation rate (SFR) indicators in the GAMA survey, producing 12 different SFR metrics and determining the SFR-M* relation for each. We compare and contrast published methods to extract the SFR from each…
We consider the effect of disorder on the tight-binding Hamiltonians with a flat band and derive a common mathematical formulation of the average density of states and inverse participation ratio applicable for a wide range of them. The…
The United Nations released official probabilistic population projections (PPP) for all countries for the first time in July 2014. These were obtained by projecting the period total fertility rate (TFR) and life expectancy at birth ($e_0$)…
We study the influence of the assumption behind the use of the inverse Tully-Fisher relation: that there should be no observational cutoffs in the TF parameter log(V_M). It is noted how lower and upper cutoffs would be seen in a log(H_0)…
In the pursuit of ever increasing efficiency and growth, our economies have evolved to remarkable degrees of complexity, with nested production processes feeding each other in order to create products of greater sophistication from less…
This paper considers the problem of modeling epidemic outbreaks in different regions with a common model, that uses additional information about these regions to adjust its parameters and relieve us of mundanity of data collecting, and…