相关论文: Using Ramsey's Theorem Once
Consider the Hales-Jewett theorem. The $k$-dimensional version of it tells us that the combinatorial space $\mathcal{U}_{M, \Lambda} = \{ \eta \mid \eta: M \to \Lambda \}$ has, under suitable assumptions, monochromatic $k$-dimensional…
The use of Extended Logics to replace ordinary second order definability in Kleene's {\em Ramified Analytical Hierarchy} is investigated. This mirrors a similar investigation of Kennedy, Magidor and V\"a\"an\"anen \cite{KeMaVa2016} where…
We describe 4th order ODEs satisfying two contact invariant conditions of Bryant in terms of the Ricci tensor of a certain gl(2,R) valued connection. We also provide nonhomogeneous examples of such ODEs.
In this paper we provide explicit dual Ramsey statements for several classes of finite relational structures (such as finite linearly ordered graphs, finite linearly ordered metric spaces and finite posets with a linear extension) and…
We reveal a connection between the incompressibility method and the Lovasz local lemma in the context of Ramsey theory. We obtain bounds by repeatedly encoding objects of interest and thereby compressing strings. The method is demonstrated…
We prove that the number of integers in the interval [0,x] that are non-trivial Ramsey numbers r(k,n) (3 <= k <= n) has order of magnitude (x ln x)**(1/2).
The enterprise of comparing mathematical theorems according to their logical strength is an active area in mathematical logic. In this setting, called reverse mathematics, one investigates which theorems provably imply which others in a…
In this paper we prove that every recursively presented Lie algebra over a field which is a finite extention of its simple subfield can be embedded in a recursively presented Lie algebra defined by relations which are equalities of…
Matroids generalize the familiar notion of linear dependence from linear algebra. Following a brief discussion of founding work in computability and matroids, we use the techniques of reverse mathematics to determine the logical strength of…
A proof of the relativistic $H$-theorem by including nonextensive effects is given. As it happens in the nonrelativistic limit, the molecular chaos hypothesis advanced by Boltzmann does not remain valid, and the second law of thermodynamics…
Let $F$ be a finite field of odd characteristic. We prove that any set $A\subset F$ with $|A|\geq C|F|^{5/6}$ contains a nontrivial quadratic progression $(x, x+y, x+y^2), y\neq 0.$ For prime fields, this improves the previous best-known…
Some properties of the 4-dim Riemannian spaces with the metrics $$ ds^2=2(za_3-ta_4)dx^2+4(za_2-ta_3)dxdy+2(za_1-ta_2)dy^2+2dxdz+2dydt $$ associated with the second order nonlinear differential equations $$…
In this note we give an example of a set $\W\subset \R^4$ such that $L^2(\W)$ admits an orthonormal basis of exponentials $\{\frac{1}{|\W |^{1/2}}e^{2\pi i x, \xi}\}_{\xi\in\L}$ for some set $\L\subset\R^4$, but which does not tile $\R^4$…
We investigate the notion of a semi-retraction between two first order structures (in typically different signatures) that was introduced by the second author as a link between the Ramsey property and generalized indiscernible sequences. We…
We apply the Ramsey theory to the analysis of geometrical properties of closed contours. Consider a set of six points placed on a closed contour. The straight lines connecting these points are y_ik (x)={\alpha}_ik x+\b{eta}_ik (i,k=1...6),…
In 1967, Schmidt wrote a seminal paper [10] on heights of subspaces of R n or C n defined over a number field K, and diophantine approximation problems. The going-down Theorem -- one of the main theorems he proved in his paper -- remains…
We prove a new lower bound on the Ramsey number $r(\ell, C\ell)$ for any constant $C > 1$ and sufficiently large $\ell$, showing that there exists $\varepsilon=\varepsilon(C)> 0$ such that \[ r(\ell, C\ell) \geq \left(p_C^{-1/2} +…
We prove that finite partial orders with a linear extension form a Ramsey class. Our proof is based on the fact that class of acyclic graphs has the Ramsey property and uses the partite construction.
We show how several results about p-adic lattices generalize easily to lattices over valuation ring of arbitrary rank having only the Henselian property for quadratic polynomial. If 2 is invertible we obtain the uniqueness of the Jordan…
We construct a counterexample to Theorem 2 of [Rafie-Rad M., Rezaei B., SIGMA 7 (2011), 085, 12 pages, arXiv:1108.6127].